Question

(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the human respiratory system.
(b) Explain the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in human beings.

Answer 1

Hint:Respiration is the important process in human life without this the survival of all the organism is impossible. It is the biochemical process of inhaling and exhaling the gaseous compounds especially oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Complete answer:
(a)

(b) In humans, lungs are called the organ of respiration. The process of respiration starts from the nose, tracheal cavity, and lungs. In this process the cells in the body obtain the energy by the combination of the sugar and the oxygen. In the human and animals, oxygen is inhaled and the carbon dioxide is exhaled. The oxygen from the environment breathes in through the nose and it reaches the lungs through the tracheal cavity, where it moves into the alveoli. Alveoli is the small balloon-like structure that helps for the exchange of the gases from the blood to the lungs.

The oxygen moves through the alveoli and it diffuses into the blood and is transported to the heart by the pulmonary vein. From the heart the oxygenated blood moves to all the parts of the body. The cells consume the oxygen for the metabolization and give away the carbon dioxide as the result of cellular metabolization. These carbon dioxides are carried by the blood capillaries to the veins. The veins carry the deoxygenated blood rich in carbon dioxide to the heart. From there it was carried out by the pulmonary artery. And the carbon dioxide is separated from the blood by the alveoli and it is exhaled.

Note:Hemoglobin is the iron containing pigment and it is present in the RBC. These pigments have a high affinity for the oxygen and so it carries oxygen and transport to all the parts of the body. The hemoglobin rich in oxygen appears as bright red color when it has no oxygen appears as purple.