Question

A disease which often produces deformities of fingers and toes is
(a) Poliomyelitis
(b) Tuberculosis
(c) Typhoid
(d) Leprosy

Answer 1

Hint: A disease is a specific abnormal condition that harms the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not caused by an immediate external injury. Diseases are frequently defined as medical conditions characterized by specific signs and symptoms.

Complete answer:
External factors such as pathogens or internal dysfunctions can both cause disease. Internal immune system dysfunction, for example, can result in a wide range of diseases, including immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies, and autoimmune disorders.
Option A: Poliomyelitis: Poliomyelitis, also known as polio, is a contagious disease caused by the poliovirus. In about 0.5 percent of cases, it spreads from the gut to the central nervous system, causing muscle weakness and flaccid paralysis. This can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days.
Option B: Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. Tuberculosis bacteria spread from person to person via tiny droplets released into the air by coughs and sneezes.
Option C: Typhoid: Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection that causes a high fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. It can be deadly. Salmonella typhi is the bacteria that causes it. The infection is frequently spread through contaminated food and drinking water, and it is more common in areas where handwashing is less common.
Option D: Leprosy: Mycobacterium leprae, a slow-growing type of bacteria, causes leprosy (M. leprae). Hansen's disease, named after the scientist who discovered M. leprae in 1873, is another name for leprosy. Leprosy primarily affects the skin and the peripheral nerves, which are the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. It could also hit the eyes of the thin tissue lining the inside of the nose.
The most noticeable symptom of leprosy is disfiguring skin sores and lumps that do not go away after a few weeks or months. The skin sores are light in color. The appearance of white patches on the skin is usually the first sign of leprosy. These patches are accompanied by numbness in the affected areas. Nerve damage and other complications occur as the disease progresses in untreated cases of leprosy.
Numbness and loss of sensation caused by nerve damage frequently result in neglected injuries that progress to infected ulcers on the hands and feet, as well as deformities such as clawed finger, foot-drop, and paralysis of the eyelids.
Thus, A disease that often produces deformities of fingers and toes is Leprosy.

Hence, the answer is option D: Leprosy.

Note: Death from disease is referred to as death from natural causes. Infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases are the four main types of disease. Diseases can also be classified in different ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable.