Question

A deficiency of vitamin A results in
A. Pernicious anemia
B. Short-sightedness
C. Xerophthalmia
D. Colour blindness

Answer 1

Hint: Vitamins are the essential compounds that require the body to maintain some metabolism, and this is obtained from the diet, and based on their solubility, these vitamins are divided into water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins.

Complete answer:
The term vitamin was coined by scientist funk.
There are two types, fat-soluble vitamins are A, D, E, K, and water-soluble vitamins are B and C.
So vitamin A is a fat soluble vitamin, which is stored in the liver, and this vitamin is not secreted in urine.
There are some chemicals which are in similar structures to vitamin A, such compounds are called vitamers.
There are three forms of vitamin A, they are Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic acid.
Where Retinol is an alcoholic form, and Retinal is an aldehyde form, and Retinoic acid is an acid form of vitamin A.
This vitamin A is mainly available in foods of animal origin, and these pro vitamins are present in plants.
Zinc is necessary and plays an important role in mobilization of vitamin A.
Vitamin A Recommended dietary allowance is 3500 IU for men, and 2,500 IU for women.
It is mainly useful for providing vision.
Vitamin A is an important component for wald visual cycle.
Deficiency of vitamin A generally result in condition called Night blindness, if this deficiency became severe then it results in a condition called Xerophthalmia where there is dryness in conjunctiva and cornea, at the same time, there is a Keratinization of epithelial cells.
It causes bitot spots in eyes, which are triangular shaped spots observed on sclera of the eye.
This vitamin deficiency also causes Keratomalacia.
So, the correct answer is “Option C”.

Note:
Vitamin A plays a very important role in vision by producing opsin and Rhodopsin through visual cycles, this is the substance present in rods and cones and this deficiency of vitamin A, results in several problems regarding vision ranging from night blindness to complete blindness.