Question

A biological catalyst is essentially:
A. A carbohydrate
B. An enzyme
C. Amino acid
D. A nitrogen molecule

Answer 1

Hint: Deficiency of this leads to inherited human diseases, such as albinism and phenylketonuria. It also has industrial applications such as it is used for fermentation of wine, leavening of bread, curdling of cheese, and brewing of beer.

Complete step by step answer:

Enzymes: These are catalysts in the living system. A catalyst as we know is a substance that is added to a reaction to increase the reaction rate without getting consumed in the process. Catalysts typically speed up a reaction by reducing the activation energy or changing the reaction mechanism.
So from this Enzyme, a substance that acts as a catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which chemical reactions proceed without it being altered in the process.
So our correct answer is option B.

Option (A): Whereas, carbohydrates are the sugars, starches and fibres found in fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products. Carbohydrates are part of our daily diet.

Option (C): Amino acids are the structural units (monomers) that make up proteins. They join together to form short polymer chains called peptides or longer chains called either polypeptides or proteins.

Option (D): Nitrogen molecule is a very common chemical compound in which two nitrogen atoms are tightly bound together. Molecular nitrogen is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, and inert gas at normal temperatures and pressures. About 78% of Earth's atmosphere is nitrogen.

From above discussion and by observing each and every option, we came to know that our correct answer is option B.

Note: Just as catalysts are required in speeding up chemical reaction. In our body enzymes are required in speeding up biological processes that occur within all living organisms. Biological processes are just like chemical reactions. Enzymes catalyse all aspects of cell metabolism. This includes the digestion of food, in which large nutrient molecules (such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats) are broken down into smaller molecules; the conservation and transformation of chemical energy; and the construction of cellular macromolecules from smaller precursors.