Question

73rd constitutional amendment belong to___

A) Rural local self government

B) Urban local self government

C)  State legislature

D) Judiciary

Answer 1

Hint: Rural local self government in India is also known as Panchayati Raj. They are tasked with economic development, implementation of Central and State government schemes, strengthening social justice etc.

Complete answer:

1992 was the foremost significant year within the history of Panchayats in India because the 73rd amendment of the Constitution (amendment of Article 243) was lapsed by the Indian Parliament that declared Panchayats as institutions of self government. (The 74th amendment done at the identical time relate to urban local bodies). These amendments came into force from April 24 1993. The 73rd Amendment 1992 added a replacement Part IX to the constitution titled “The Panchayats” covering provisions from Article 243 to 243(O); and a brand new Eleventh Schedule covering 29 subjects within the functions of the Panchayats.

Few features of the 73rd amendment are often enumerated as under:

- There should be three tiers of Panchayats (District Panchayats, Block Panchayats i.e. intermediary Panchayats and Village or Gram Panchayats) in states with over 25 lakh of population. States with but this population will have only two tiers omitting the intermediary tier.

- Panchayats were declared as institutions of self governments (signifying that the status of Panchayats is the same in their respective areas, as that of the Union Government at the national and State Governments at the state level).

- States were mandated to devolve functions regarding 29 subjects (including agriculture, land reforms, minor irrigation, fisheries, cottage and little scale industries, rural communication, water, poverty alleviation programmes etc.) to the Panchayats. (The local bodies grants are released to Gram Panchayats through their respective State Governments as per the recommendations and allocations made by respective Finance Commissions) Panchayats were mandated to arrange plan(s) for economic development and social justice and implement them.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘A’.

Note:

The modern Panchayati Raj system is based on the historical Panchayati Raj system of India. It was formalized and introduced after following a proposal submitted by the LM Singhvi Committee. It suggested making some changes to the Panchayti Raj institutions which already existed in Indian history. The aim was to make a more decentralised administration for more efficient governance.