Question

$1\,kg$ of __________ can light up a bulb for $3\times {{10}^{4}}$ years
(A). Uranium
(B). Halonium
(C). Neutronium
(D). Hydronium

Answer 1

Hint: Bulbs and other electrical appliances run on power, this means they consume energy every second. The energy is provided by electricity. Different bulbs have different ratings which tell us how much energy the bulb converts into heat and light in one second. The energy consumed is in $MW\,hours$

Complete solution:
The power of a bulb is commonly $100W$ and it lasts for about $\text{3}000\text{ hours}$ when run on electricity. A radioactive substance produces energy when it decays as it converts to a more substance and emits energy.

Halonium is an ion with a halogen atom bearing a charge of $+1$. These are highly unstable ions and hence very reactive.

A neutronium is a hypothetical substance which consists of only neutrons.

Hydronium ions are ions of water with an extra hydrogen atom (${{H}_{3}}{{O}^{+}}$). These are highly reactive; it also tells us about the acidity of a substance. The more hydronium ions produced by a substance, the more acidic it is.

While reactions containing ions are abrupt reactions and cannot produce energy continuously while radioactive reactions are chain reactions which continue for a long time unless the substance is completely exhausted.

Uranium is a radioactive material. The energy released by $1gm$ of Uranium is $1MW$ in one day. Energy produced by $1\,kg$ of Uranium can light up a bulb for $3\times {{10}^{4}}$ years.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

Note:
The energy released in a radioactive reaction is known as the binding energy. The energy of the daughter atoms is less than the parent atoms as the daughter atoms are more stable. Uranium undergoes a fission reaction in which it absorbs a neutron and releases three neutrons.