Important Questions for CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 2 - Components of Food

The key topics covered in Chapter 2 of CBSE Class 6 Science are:

• What do Different Food Items Contain?

• Test for Starch

• Test for Protein

• Test for Fats

• What do Various Nutrients do for Our Body?

• Balanced Diet

• Deficiency Diseases

Study Important Questions for Class 6 Chapter 2 Components of Food

Very Short Answer Questions                                                                          (1 Mark)

1. Components of food that provide energy-

Ans: Carbohydrates and fats

2. Component of food that participates in bodybuilding-

Ans: Protein

3. Component of food needed for growth and maintenance-

Ans: Minerals

4. Component of food that protects us from diseases-

Ans: Vitamins

5. Nails and hair are made up of-

Ans: Protein

Short Answer Questions                                                                                     (2 Marks)

1. Name the food rich in carbohydrates.

Ans: The food rich in carbohydrates are potatoes, beans, yoghurt, oats etc. 

2. Name the food rich in proteins.

Ans: The food rich in proteins are chicken, fish, milk, cheese etc.

3. Name the food rich in fats.

Ans: The foods rich in fats are cheese, peanut butter, chia seeds, chocolates etc.

4. Name the two types of vitamins.

Ans: The two types of vitamins are-

• Fat-soluble vitamins

• Water-soluble vitamins

5. What is dietary fibre?

Ans: Dietary fibres are plant-derived food that cannot be completely broken down by the human digestive system. For example - vegetables, fruits, whole grain oats etc.

6. Define a balanced diet?

Ans: A diet consisting of a variety of different types of food that provides adequate amounts of the nutrients like proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, vitamins for our wholesome development is known as a balanced diet. 

7. Define deficiency diseases?

Ans: A disease caused by the lack of an element in the diet like vitamin or mineral is known as a deficiency disease. For example- scurvy, rickets etc.

8. What are the symptoms of carbohydrate deficiency?

Ans: The symptoms of deficiency of carbohydrates are-

• Nausea

• Fatigue

• Dehydration

• Lack of energy and stamina etc

9. Name two deficiency diseases caused due to proteins?

Ans: The two deficiency diseases caused due to proteins are Kwashiorkor and Marasmus.

10. Name two diseases caused due to deficiency of vitamins in diet?

Ans: The two diseases caused due to deficiency of vitamins in the diet are scurvy and rickets.

11. Name two diseases caused due to deficiency of minerals?

Ans: The two diseases caused due to deficiency of minerals are Osteomalacia and Beriberi.

12. What is dehydration?

Ans: Dehydration is the condition when your body loses more fluid than you take in. Basically, excess loss of water from the body leads to dehydration.

Long Answer Questions                                                                                          (3 Marks)

1. Explain in detail what are carbohydrates?

Ans: Carbohydrates are sugar molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. carbohydrates are one of the main nutrients found in foods and drinks. They are a rich source of energy. Our body breaks down carbohydrates into glucose. There are two main types of carbohydrates i.e sugar and starch. Carbohydrates help to fuel the central nervous system and it provides energy for working muscles. Lack of energy and stamina are the two main symptoms associated with a deficiency of carbohydrates. The food rich in carbohydrates are potatoes, beans, yoghurt, oats etc. 

2. Explain in detail about proteins?

Ans: Proteins are highly complex substances that are present in all living organisms. Proteins are of great nutritional value and are directly involved in the chemical processes essential for life. They are an important component of food. They are needed for body growth and repair. Amino acids joined to form proteins. Proteins in the diet cause weakening of muscles. The deficiency of proteins leads to kwashiorkor and marasmus. The food rich in proteins is chicken, fish, milk, cheese etc.

3. Name any 3 vitamins, their sources and deficiency diseases caused by them?

Ans: The three vitamins are-

• Vitamin C- It is a water-soluble vitamin. It is needed for normal growth and development. Deficiency of vitamin C can cause scurvy, a disease that is characterised by bleeding gums, skin spots and swelling in joints. Foods rich in vitamin C sources are broccoli, potatoes, Citrus fruits, etc.

• Vitamin K – It is a group of fat-soluble compounds Vitamin K is important for blood coagulation. The deficiency of vitamin K can cause osteoporosis and leads to excessive bleeding. Foods rich in vitamin K sources are spinach, cereal grains, broccoli, etc.

• Vitamin A- It is a fat-soluble vitamin. It is important for normal vision, growth and a healthy immune system. The deficiency of vitamin A can cause night blindness and infertility. Foods rich in vitamin A sources are carrot, milk, fish, etc.

Important Questions for CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 2 - Free PDF Download

Class 6 Science chapter 2 contains ample information regarding food components. Good hold on this chapter will help students to fetch good marks in exams. So solving some important questions in Class 6 is going to be helpful for the students. 

When we come across a topic called Components of Food, it is divided into two categories that are either derived from plants or derived from animals. Meat, fish, and egg are all examples of food products derived from animals, and grains, pulses, etc. are derived from animals. But these are just sources from which these foods are derived. 

We know our food components consist of various elements, including carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, minerals, etc. To have a healthy lifestyle, it is essential to have a balanced diet, including all these and not any one of them in particular. Let us look at this chapter to understand in a little more detail.

Tests for Components of Food Class 6 Important Questions 

There are many tests to understand the presence and amount of individual food components. 

Iodine Test: Iodine test is done for testing the presence of carbohydrates in any food item. Few drops of dilute iodine solution are dropped to the food sample whose carbohydrate content is tested. If the colour of the solution changes from its brown colour to a dark blue-black colour, we can infer that they contain carbohydrates. If the colour does not vary and remains the same, there would be no carbohydrate content.

Protein Test: Copper sulfate and caustic soda solutions are extensively used to test whether the protein is present or not in any food sample. The food sample to be tested is made into a paste, and the above solutions are mixed with it. It would change to a purple colour if it has protein, and in case it is absent in protein content, it may appear to be bluish.

Test for Fats: Testing a food sample for its fat content is more straightforward than another test. It does not require any chemical solutions and can be done simply with a piece of paper itself. The food to be tested is taken in a paper piece and is just crushed. If it shows oily patches in the form, we can infer that they contain fat.

Deficiency Diseases

We know that it is essential to have a balanced diet that includes all the vital components. But lack of certain nutrients may cause issues to our health. Diseases caused due to lack of intake of certain nutrients are called deficiency diseases. The best method to treat deficiency diseases is to have a healthy balanced diet. Let us look at some of the common deficiency diseases and their symptoms.

Deficiency in vitamin A causes night blindness. Since vitamin A is essential for the proper maintenance of skin and eyes, vitamin A deficiency results in low vision. Vitamin B1 deficiency causes a disease called Beri-Beri, whose symptoms include weight loss and weak muscles. Lack in vitamin C causes scurvy whose primary symptoms appear as bleeding gums. 

Vitamin D's weakness causes rickets, resulting in soft and tender bones with high chances of getting broken. Vitamin E deficiency causes Crohn's disease, where pale skin and rapid ageing are common symptoms. Lack of vitamin K causes haemorrhage. There would be excessive bleeding in such a condition, and clotting would be delayed.

Rather than vitamins, deficiency of minerals can also cause diseases. Lack of calcium leads to osteoporosis and osteomalacia where our bones are affected. The deficiency of iron causes anaemia, which is very common in our society. The deficiency of iodine causes goitre, which results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland. 

There are many more deficiency diseases, and we have to eat food rich in whatever components we lack to cure deficiency diseases. When diagnosed with any deficiency disease, one must consume more rich food in that particular nutrient. Deficiency diseases can be cured easily through a proper food habit itself.

Summary of CBSE Class 6 Science Chapter 2

Our body requires a balanced diet, including all the significant food components for healthy living. Carbohydrates and fats together are known as energy-giving foods. Ghee, oil, etc. make the best examples of fats, and potatoes, rice, etc. include carbohydrates in lump sum amounts stored in them in the form of starch.

The next category of components is proteins, which are the bodybuilding component of food or more accurately is the body's building blocks. They help in the growth of the body. Some of the food items rich in proteins are pulses, soya bean (a prosperous source of protein ) and meat fish, etc. from plant and animal sources.

Vitamins or minerals are considered as protective food. They help us build a robust immune system, and once we have a full immune system, we have the resistance to fight various diseases. All the fruits and green leafy vegetables are rich sources of vitamins and minerals. Vitamins are classified into two types – Fat-soluble vitamins and water-soluble vitamins. Vitamins A, D, E, K are fat-soluble vitamins, and vitamins B and C are water-soluble vitamins.

Fibre that comes as roughage is essential for the body's normal functioning although the significant part is removed as undigested food from our body.

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