Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management - PDF

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. Which agricultural practice is carried out with the help of a sickle?

Ans: An agricultural hand instrument used for harvesting or reaping crops is a sickle.

In our nation, harvesting is either done manually with a sickle or mechanically using a harvester. Other agricultural tasks carried out using a sickle include cutting various crops and making hay.

2. What's the name given to cutting and gathering of a food crop like wheat and paddy?

Ans: Harvesting refers to the cutting and gathering of mature food crops like wheat or paddy.

3. Name the tool or implement used in the traditional harvesting of crops.

Ans: The tool which was used in the traditional harvesting of crops is sickle

4. Name the process of beating out the grains from the harvested crop.

Ans: Threshing is the process of pounding the grains from the harvested crop plants. 

5. Name the machine used in recovering the grain from an already cut crop.

Ans: Harvesting and threshing are done with a device known as a combine (Cutting of standing crop and recovering grains).

6. Name the machine which does the cutting of standing crops and recovers the grain too.

Ans: A machine called a combine is used for harvesting and threshing (Cutting standing crops and recovering grains) (Cutting of standing crop and recovering grains).

7. Name the process in which grains are separated from chaff and hay with the help of wind.

Ans: The process in which grains are separated from the chaff with the help of wind is called winnowing.

8. Name three food materials obtained from animals.                                                  

Ans: Milk, meat, and eggs are among the food items that come from animals.

9. Name two domestic animals which are used to obtain milk.

Ans: Two domestic animals that are used to produce milk are the cow and the buffalo.

10. Name one meat-yielding animal and one egg-yielding animal. 

Ans: The goat produces meat, and the hen produces eggs.

11. Name an animal food obtained from an insect.

Ans: Honey is an animal food that the "bee" insect produces.

12. What name is given to that branch of agriculture that deals with feeding, shelter, health, and breeding of domestic animals?

Ans: Animal husbandry is the area of agriculture that deals with the care, feeding, and breeding of domestic animals.

13. Name one major food nutrient provided by fish.

Ans: Fish is healthy for you. Fish that are high in vitamin D sources are where we get cod liver oil.

14. Name the vitamin/vitamins present in cod liver oil.

Ans: Fish liver oil rich in vitamin D is cod liver oil.

15. Name one Government agency that is involved in procuring food grains (like wheat and rice) from farmers and storing them properly

Ans: The government purchases food grains from farmers and stores them appropriately through organisations like the Food Corporation of India (FCI).

16. Name one Government agency that is involved in procuring food grains (like wheat and rice) from farmers and storing them properly

Ans: On preserved grains of food with higher moisture content, mould and fungus thrive.

17. Which crop is generally grown between two cereal crops in crop rotation to restore the fertility of soil?

Ans: To maintain the soil's fertility, legumes like pulses, beans, and peas are typically planted in crop rotation between two cereal crops.

18. State one advantage of growing a leguminous crop between two cereal crops.

Ans: Rotating both legumes- and non-leguminous crops in the same field promotes soil fertility and refills the land's natural nitrogen supply.

19. Name the nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in root nodules of leguminous plants.

Ans: Rhizobium bacteria are nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the root nodules of leguminous plants.

20. Which agricultural practice comes first: harvesting or weeding?

Ans: The first agricultural practice is weeding.

21. Which is the first step in the cultivation of a crop?

Ans: The first step in cultivating a crop is soil preparation.

22. For what purpose is a hoe used?

Ans: It is a straightforward tool that is used to get rid of weeds and loosen the soil.

23. Name the implement used in sowing.

Ans: A seed drill is a tool used for sowing.

24. Name the practice used for cultivating paddy.

Ans: Transplantation is a technique used in paddy cultivation.

25. Name the two types of substances which are added two the fields by the farmers to maintain the fertility of the soil.

Ans: Farmers apply manure and fertilisers to their fields to keep the land fertile.

26. Some grass is growing in a wheat field. What will it be known as?

Ans:  These grasses are regarded as weeds.

27. Name one crop which can tolerate standing water (water-logging) in the field and one which cannot.

Ans: Unlike crops like wheat and gram, paddy (rice) can withstand standing water in the field.

28. Which is the best time for the removal of weeds?

Ans: Before they flower and set seed, is the ideal time to pull weeds.

29. Name two methods of irrigation to conserve water.

Ans: i) Sprinkler system ii) Drip system 

30. Fill in the following blanks:

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called …………………. 

Ans: crop 

(b) The first step before growing crops is …….……..of soil.

Ans:  preparation

(c) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight, ………., and …………. from the soil is essential.

Ans: nutrients; water

(d)  Damaged seeds would ……….. on top of the water.

Ans: float

(e) Crop rotation helps in the replenishment of soil with …………..

Ans: nitrogen

(f) The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called …………..  

Ans: irrigation 

(g) The unwanted plants present in a crop field are called……………  

Ans: weeds 

(h) Dried…………..leaves are used for storing food grains at home.

Ans: neem

(i) Many people living in the ……….areas consume fish as a major part of their diet.

Ans: coastal  

Short Answer Type Question  

31. What are the two ways in which farmers store food grains?

Ans: The newly harvested crop has moisture. Therefore, before storage, the food grains obtained by harvesting the crop are dried. Food grains that have just been harvested could lose their ability to germinate if they are not dried before storage. The farmers keep their crops at home in jute sacks and metal bins. When there is little water, uneven land is better suited for the storage of grain. The Sprinkler system is especially good for sandy soil.

32. Out of the drip system and sprinkler system of irrigation, which one is more suitable 

(a) for uneven land? 

Ans: Sprinkler systems.

Sprinkler system is more useful in uneven lands where sufficient water is not available.

(b) for sandy soil?

Ans: Sprinkler system is especially good for sandy soil.

It is good for sandy soil because sandy soils have a low water storage capacity.

(c) for watering fruit plants?

Ans: The drip irrigation system is the finest method for watering trees, gardens, and fruit trees because it enables optimal uniform soil moisture.

(d) where availability of water is poor?

Ans: A drip irrigation system is more suited in areas with limited water availability.It is the most suitable method when water is scarce.

33. A.  What are weeds? Name any one weed found in a crop field.

Ans: Weeds are unwelcome plants that develop alongside cultivated crops. In fields of wheat, there is a weed called wild oat.

B. How do weeds affect the growth of crops?

Ans: Crop plants and weeds compete for light, space, water, and nutrients. Thus, they have an impact on crop growth. 

34. Explain how the irrigation requirements depend on the nature of the crop.

Ans: Irrigation is the appropriate timing for crop watering. Each stage of a crop's growth necessitates a certain amount of water. The type of crop will determine the need for irrigation. While other crops like wheat and gram require less water, some crops like paddy crops (rice crops) demand more.

35. Explain how the irrigation requirements of a crop depend on the nature of the soil in which the crop is grown.

Ans: A crop's need for irrigation is influenced by the type of soil it is grown on. Sandalwood soil and clayey soil are the two types of soil. Sandy soil has high permeability and is very porous. As a result, agricultural plants growing in sandy soil are unable to receive enough water since the water quickly percolates down to the soil. As a result, crops grown in sandy soil require more regular watering water. In contrast, clayey soil is far less permeable than sandy soil, which allows it to hold onto water for a lot longer. As a result, crops grown on clayey soil can effectively absorb water. As a result, crops cultivated in clayey soil require less watering.

36. Describe the sprinkler system of irrigation. State its advantages.

Ans: A major pipeline is placed in the field for the sprinkler irrigation system. The revolving nozzle-topped perpendicular pipes are connected to the main pipeline at regular intervals. Water leaks from the revolving nozzles when water is allowed to

pass through the main pipe under pressure with the aid of a pump. The crop is sprinkled with it to simulate rain.

Benefits of irrigation systems with sprinklers:

i. This technique works better on uneven terrain where there isn't enough water.

ii. Sandalwood soil can also benefit greatly from this system.

37. Explain the drip system of irrigation. State two advantages of the drip system of irrigation

Ans: A network of small-holed, slender pipes throughout the fields makes up this system. When water passes through these pipes, drops of water fall precisely where the roots are. Thus, it is known as a drip system. Water is not at all wasted. It is the 

ideal method for watering trees, gardens, and fruit plants. Advantages:

1. In areas with inadequate water availability, drip systems are highly helpful.

2. Drop by drop, plants are given water through a drip system. Water is thus not at all wasted. 

38. How do the irrigation requirements of a wheat crop differ from that of a paddy crop?

Ans: Water requirements vary depending on the stage of growth for each crop. The type of crop will determine the need for irrigation. While some crops like to have more water, others like to have less.

39. Explain why the frequency of irrigation of crops is higher in the summer season.

Ans: Due to the faster rate of water evaporation from the soil and leaves in the summer, crops require watering more frequently.

40. How are weeds removed from the crop fields? Name one implement used for weeding.

Ans: Weeding is the process of getting rid of weeds in crop fields. It is an essential procedure since weeds compete with crop plants for nutrients, water, and space. Farmers use a variety of techniques to get rid of weeds and limit their growth. The different methods for getting rid of weeds in agriculture fields include:

• By hand - Weeds are manually eradicated using this method by uprooting or cutting them close to the ground.

• Using a khurpa - In this technique, weeds can be eliminated using a tool known as a khurpa.

• Using weed killers, like in Example 2, 4-D

41. If wheat is sown in the Kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.

Ans: Wheat will not grow properly if it is sown during the Kharif season because plants cannot withstand too much water during the rainy season.

42. Which of the following are Kharif crops and which are rabi crops? Wheat, Paddy, Gram, Maize, Mustard, Cotton, Soyabean, Linseed, Peas, Groundnut

Ans: 

43. What is a crop? Give two examples of crops.

Ans: A crop is what is produced when numerous plants of the same sort are grown and farmed in one location. Examples are wheat and corn.

44. What are the two types of crops based on seasons? Give one e ample of each type.

Ans: All crops are divided into two main divisions according to the seasons:

1. Crops sown during the rainy season are referred to as Kharif crops. Example: paddy and corn. 

2. Crops grown in the winter are referred to as "rabi crops." Examples are wheat and gram.

45. Name the various agricultural practices in the right sequence in which they are undertaken by the farmers.

Ans: Farmers engage in a variety of agricultural methods, including the following:

• Soil preparation

• Sowing

• Adding fertilisers and manure

• Irrigation

• defending against weeds

• Harvesting

• Storage

46. Describe briefly, how soil is prepared for sowing the seeds.

Ans: The first stage before planting a crop is soil preparation. By plough, levelling, and manuring, the soil is ready for the planting of crop seeds. Ploughing is the term for the process of agitating and turning the soil. Utilising a plough is how it is done. It is constructed of iron or wood. The turning and loosening of the soil is one of the crucial agricultural tasks. In order to hold plants more firmly to the soil, it enables roots to grow deeper into the ground. Large dirt fragments known as "crumbs" may be present in the ploughed area. These crumbs must be broken with a board. An instrument known as a leveller is used to level the land after it has been ploughed.

47. Why do farmers carry out levelling of the ploughed fields?

Ans: The first step in cultivating a crop is soil preparation. By plough, levelling, and man, the soil is prepared for planting crop seeds. Plant growth is supported by the topsoil layer. Due to the loss caused by the ploughing, it is readily washed away by rain or blown away by the wind. In order to prevent topsoil from being carried away by water or wind, ploughed earth is levelled by pushing it with a wooden leveller.

48. What are the advantages of sowing seeds with a seed drill?

Ans:  The benefits of using a seed drill for planting seeds include the following:

The seeds are consistently sown by seed drill at the right distances and depths.

The seeds are sown in predictable rows. It makes sure that seeds are covered by dirt once they are sown, preventing birds from picking them up. It is quicker and easier to sow using a tractor and seed drill.

49. Explain why the seeds should be sown at the right spacings.

Ans: The proper spacing should be used while planting seeds. They shouldn't be planted too close together or too far apart. If seeds are planted too closely together, the plants that grow from them will likewise be too close together and won't have enough space for sunlight, water, and nutrients to flourish. On the other side, if seeds are planted too far apart, the field area would be wasted. Sowing the seeds with the optimum spacing will ensure proper growth.

50. What is ploughing (or tilling)? Name any two implements used for tilling the fields.

Ans: Tilling and ploughing are two terms used to describe the action of losing and turning the soil. The plough and hoe are agricultural tools used to till (loosen and turn) the soil.

51. State two beneficial effects of – ploughing the fields (or loosening and turning the soil).

Ans: Turning and loosening the soil is crucial for crop production. The following are some advantages to loosening and rotating the soil by ploughing:

1. Even when the roots are buried deeply, the loose soil makes it possible for them to breathe readily.

2. Earthworms and other soil-dwelling bacteria benefit from the soil's loosened texture as they proliferate.

52. A. State the function of the Food Corporation of India.

Ans: Government organisations like the Food Corporation of India (FCI) purchase grains of food from farmers and store them safely so that they can be distributed across the entire nation.

B. What is done to protect tile grains stored in gunny bags in big go-downs from damage?

Ans: Occasionally, large godowns of pesticide solution are sprayed over the gunny sacks to safeguard the grains from harm.

53. Define manure. What are the advantages of manure?

Ans: Manure is an organic material created by the breakdown of plant or animal waste.

Manure's benefits include:

i. It improves the soil's ability to hold water.

ii. It makes the soil permeable, facilitating easy gas exchange.

iii. It enhances the population of beneficial bacteria.

iv. It makes the soil's texture better.

54. What is fertiliser? Name any two fertilisers. State two harmful effects caused by the excessive use of fertilisers.

Ans: Chemicals that are fertilisers are ones that are high in a certain nutrient. Urea, potash, NPK fertilisers (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), etc. are a few examples of fertilisers. The following are negative outcomes brought on by excessive fertiliser use:                        The soil becomes less fruitful when fertilisers are used excessively.

Overuse of fertilisers pollutes the water supply.

54. Explain how soil gets affected by the repeated growing of cropping of the same fields. How does the use of fertilisers help the farmers?

Ans: For healthy growth and operation, plants need nutrients. If crops are planted continuously, the soil will become deficient in important elements like nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium, among others. This has an impact on both the yield and the soil's quality. Therefore, the nutrients that the crop once used up must be replaced in order for the soil to regain all of its nutrients and be prepared for the following harvest. Farmers can increase the output of crops like wheat, paddy, and maize with the aid of fertilisers.

56. What is weeding? Why is weeding necessary?

Ans: Weeding is the process of getting rid of weeds. Weeds compete with crop plants for water, nutrients, space, and light, hence weeding is important. They consequently have an impact on crop growth. Some weeds can be harmful to both humans and animals and can even prevent harvesting.

57. What are weedicides? Name one weedicide.

Ans: Weeds are controlled with special chemicals called weedicides. An example of a weedicide is 2,4-D.

58. What precautions should be taken while spraying weedicides? Why

Ans: Weedicides have an impact on a farmer's health. So, it's important to apply weedicides sparingly. The farmer's mouth and nose should be covered with a piece of cloth while spraying weedicides.

59. Give any four differences between manures and fertilisers.

Ans: The difference between manure and fertiliser.

60. Define the terms:

i)  Harvesting

Ans:  Harvesting is the act of cutting and gathering mature food crops, such as wheat or paddy.

ii) Threshing

Ans: Threshing is the separation of the grain from the chaff of a harvested crop.

iii) Winnowing

Ans: Winnowing is the process of using the wind to separate the grain from the chaff.

61. A. What are the two ways in which food grains are stored on a large scale.

Ans: Silos and granaries are used to store food grains on a huge scale (gunny bags). 

B. What is the advantage of storing food grains in gunny bags?

Ans: The benefit of keeping food grains in gunny bags is that they may be conveniently transported and distributed around the country. 

62. Name two traditional methods of irrigation and two modem methods of irrigation.

Ans: Chain pumps and dhekli are traditional irrigation techniques. Sprinkler and drip irrigation systems are current irrigation techniques. 

63. What is a ‘combine’ that is used in agriculture? State its functions.

Ans: With the use of a machine known as a combine, the threshing operation is carried out. In actuality, it is a hybrid harvester and thresher. Combine distinguishes the wheat from the chaff.

64. What is ‘animal husbandry?

Ans: Animal husbandry is the area of agriculture that deals with the care, feeding, and breeding of domestic animals.

65. What are the various practices necessary for raising animals for food and Other purposes?

Ans: The several procedures required for growing animals for food and other uses include proper animal nutrition, adequate animal shelter, and taking good care of animals.

Long Answer Type Questions

66. A. What is meant by Kharif crops? Give two examples of Kharif crops.

Ans: Crops sown during the rainy season are referred to as Kharif crops. In India, the rainy season typically lasts from June to September. Example: paddy and corn.

B. What is meant by rabi crops? Give two examples of rabi crops.  

Ans: Crops grown in the winter are referred to as "rabi crops." In India, the winter months typically last from October to March. Examples are wheat and gram.

67. A. What is meant by ‘sowing’? What are the various methods of sowing the seeds?

Ans: The act of sowing involves planting seeds in the ground. There are two ways to plant seeds in the ground. Which are: manually sowing, and using a sand drill to sow.

B. What precautions should be taken in sowing the seeds?

Ans: When planting seeds in the ground, the following safety precautions should be observed:  The seeds should be sown on soil that is conducive to germination at the proper depth. The spacing between the seeds must be correct. In extremely damp soil, the seeds shouldn't be sowed. The soil shouldn't be dry when the seeds are planted.

68. What are good quality seeds? You are given a sample of wheat seeds. How will you select good, healthy seeds for sowing?  

Ans: The best seeds are considered to be of good quality since they will undoubtedly grow into a healthy plant that will produce further healthy seeds. This is crucial when working with plants on a large scale and maintaining crops over a long period of time. The best wheat seeds are those with typical colour, shape, and size (not brownish, oddly shaped, tiny, or bloated). Seeds are examined for more than simply appearance; they are also evaluated for germination effectiveness (how many seeds from a set of 100 would grow in plants when sowed).

69. A.  What is the process of ‘transplantation’ in agriculture? Give examples of two crops that are usually grown by this process.

Ans: It is known as transplanting or transplantation when seedlings are manually moved from the nursery to the main field. Some crops, including paddy and many vegetables, do not have their seeds sown directly in the soil of the field. For this crop, the seeds are originally placed in a tiny nursery to produce seedlings. The seedlings are then placed at the right distance apart and put into the regular fields. Many vegetables, including tomatoes and chilies, as well as the paddy crop are grown using the technique of transplantation.

B. State two advantages of the process of transplantation in growing crops.

Ans: The following are some benefits of transplanting crops:  In order for plants to receive enough water, nutrients, and sunlight, transplanting helps to place seedlings at the right distance from one another. Only healthy seedlings are chosen for agricultural production with the aid of the transplantation technique.

70. A. What is irrigation? Why is irrigation necessary? 

Ans: Irrigation is the process of providing crops with water at the proper moment. For growth, all crop plants require water. Flowers, fruits, and plant seeds need water for healthy growth and development. 

Plants need irrigation in order to absorb nutrients from the soil. The plant roots take up water. Minerals and fertilisers are also absorbed together with water. Because seeds cannot germinate in dry conditions, irrigation is required to supply moisture for seed germination. In order to have a good yield, irrigation is also important for healthy crop growth. Water-dissolved nutrients are carried to every area of the plant. Additionally, water shields the crop from hot air currents and frosts.

B. Name the various sources of irrigation in our country.

Ans: Our nation uses wells, tube wells, ponds, lakes, rivers, dams, and canals among other water sources for agriculture.

Multiple Choice Questions

71. Which of the following crops would enrich the soil with nitrogen?

1. apple

2. Pea

3. paddy

4. potato

Ans: (B) pea

Rhizobium bacteria are the nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the root nodules of leguminous plants. Leguminous and non-leguminous crops should be alternated on a field to naturally replenish the soil's nitrogen levels and improve soil fertility.

72. Which of the following is not a Kharif crop?

1. paddy

2. Mustard

3. maize

4. groundnut

Ans: (B) mustard

Kharif crops are those that are sown during the rainy season. In India, the rainy season typically lasts from June to September. Example: paddy and corn.

73. In agriculture, broadcasting is used for:

1. Ploughing the fields

2. rotating the crops

3. removing the weed

4. sowing the seed

Ans:(d) sowing the seed

Spreading seeds by hand is referred to as broadcasting. 

74. Fish liver oil is rich in:

A.vitamin A, B. vitamin b, C. vitamin c, D. vitamin d

1. A and B

2. B and C

3. A and D

4. only D

Ans:(c) Both A and D 

Both vitamin A and vitamin D are abundant in fish liver oil. 

75. Which of the following is not grown by transplantation?

1. chillies

2. Tomatoes

3. peas

4. paddy

Ans: (c) Peas

Transplanting or transplanting refers to the manual procedure of moving seedlings from the nursery to the main field. Some plants, like paddy, and many vegetables, including tomatoes and chilies, do not have their seeds placed directly in the soil of the field.

76. Which of the following is not a rabi crop ?

1. soyabean

2. Peas

3. Wheat

4. linseed

Ans: (b) Peas

Rabi crops are those that are cultivated throughout the winter months. Examples are wheat and gram.

77. One of the following crop is not cultivated by sowing it seeds directly into soil. This one is:

1. wheat

2. gram (chana)

3. paddy

4. maize

Ans: (c) paddy

Transplanting or transplanting refers to the manual procedure of moving seedlings from the nursery to the main field. Some crops, including paddy and many vegetables, do not have their seeds sown directly in the soil of the field.

78. Tomatoes are cultivated by the practice called:

1. transpiration

2. Translocation

3. transportation

4. transplantation

Ans: (d) transplantation

To cultivate paddy, tomatoes, and chilies, transplants are used.

79. Which of the following cannot be provided to the soil by a chemical fertilizer?

1. nitrogen

2. Humus

3. potassium

4. phosphorus

Ans: (b) humus

In contrast to humus, chemical substances known as fertilisers can supply the soil with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Manure, a natural material, supplies it to the soil.

80. Which of the following is not grown by transplantation?

1. chillies

2. Tomatoes

3. paddy

4. papaya

Ans: (d) papaya

Papaya, Paddy, chilies, and tomatoes are grown by transplantation.

81. The Rhizobium bacteria present in root nodules of plant can fix one of the following from the atmosphere. This one is :

1. hydrogen

2. Oxygen

3. nitrogen

4. halogen

Ans: (c) nitrogen

The Rhizobium bacteria in the pea plant's root nodules can fix nitrogen.

82. The process of beating out grains from the harvested wheat crop is called:

1. beating

2. Crushing

3. threshing

4. weeding

Ans:(c) threshing

Threshing is the process of separating grains from the harvested wheat crop. A device called a combine does that.

83. The food obtained from animals is very rich in

1. fats

2. Carbohydrates

3. Minerals

4. proteins

Ans: (d) protein

Animal products are extremely high in protein.

84. The Government Agency responsible for purchasing grains from the farmers, safe storage and distribution is

1. CBI

2. FBI

3. FCI

4. FDI

Ans: (c) FCI

The government purchases food grains from farmers and stores them appropriately through organisations like the Food Corporation of India (FCI).

85. the process of removing unwanted plants from a crop field is called?

1. Breeding

2. Weeding

3. Transplanting

4. Harvesting

Ans: (b) Weeding

Weeding is the process of removing undesirable vegetation, also known as weeds.

86. Poultry gives us:

1. eggs

2. Meat

3. meat as well as eggs

4. honey

Ans: (c)meat as well as eggs

Both meat and eggs are provided by chicken

87. Which of following is not a correct statement for sowing seeds?

1. seeds should be sown at right intervals

2. seeds should be sown at right depth

3. seeds should be sown in dry soil

4. seeds should not be sown in highly wet Soil

Ans: (c) seeds should be sown in dry soil

Since seeds need water to germinate, they shouldn't be planted in dry soil.

88. Which of the following system of irrigation is preferred for the uneven land?

1. chain pump irrigation system

2. drip irrigation system

3. sprinkler irrigation system

4. river irrigation system

Ans: (c) sprinkler irrigation system

For uneven terrain where there is insufficient water, a sprinkler system is more appropriate.

89. The two crops which are not grown by sowing their seeds directly into the soil in large fields are

A.Peas B. Tomatoes C. Chillies D. Maize

1. A and B

2. B and C

3. A and C

4. only C

Ans: (b) B and C

Tomatoes and chilies are the only two crops that are not planted with their seeds directly into the ground in vast fields.

90. The best technique of watering the fruit plants and trees is:

1. chain pump system

2. sprinkler system

3. moat (pulley system)

4. drip system

Ans: (d) drip system

A network of small-holed, slender pipes throughout the fields makes up this system. When water passes through these pipes, drops of water fall precisely where the roots are. Thus, it is known as a drip system. Water is not at all wasted. It is the best method for watering gardens, trees, and fruit plants.

91. Arrange the following practices in the correct order as they appear in the sugarcane crop production: sending crop to sugar factory; irrigation; harvesting; preparation of soil; ploughing the field; manuring.

Ans: Ploughing the field, preparing the soil, sowing, manuring, irrigation, harvesting, and sending the crop to the sugar mill are the proper orders.

92. Match the items in column a with those in column b:

Ans: 

93. Name two crops which are cultivated :

(a) by sowing seeds directly into fields 

Ans: Seeds for the crops wheat and gram can be sown straight into fields.

(b) by transplanting.

Ans: Tomatoes and paddy can both be grown through transplanting.

94. Farmers in Northern India grow legumes as fodder in one season and wheat in the next season. 

(a) What is this practice known as?

Ans: Crop rotation 

(b) How does this practice help in replenishment of soil?

Ans: Rhizobium bacteria are nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in the root nodules of leguminous plants. Leguminous and non-leguminous crops should be alternated on a field to naturally replenish the soil's nitrogen levels and improve soil fertility.

95. A student lists the following agriculture practices for crop production:

Irrigation; removal of weeds; preparation of soil; storage of food grains; sowing; adding manure and fertilisers.

Which agricultural practice is missing from the above list?

Ans: The list above does not include harvesting.

Importance of Lakhmir Singh Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management

This chapter is crucial for the understanding of crop production, the latest techniques, and how the demand for food is met with precision. It introduces the various concepts of crop production and explains how they are developed over time.

Students will learn about different types of crops grown on agricultural lands. They will also learn which crops are grown and at what time of the year. This chapter will describe how we have learned to grow crops in the right conditions to gain from better harvests.

The understanding of different crops will help us realise the demand for certain things in our daily lives. Students will realise how food and cash crops are important for modern times. They will find out the elaborate process of developing and preparing the soil before sowing seeds.

They will also learn the conventional methods of irrigation and find out how crops are grown in different parts of the country. The Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 1 will also guide them to find out the right answers to all the fundamental questions and make them aware of these principles of crop production.

This chapter is important as it teaches how soil is prepared and crops are grown accordingly. They will also come to know about the instruments generally used in cultivation.

Benefits of Lakhmir Singh Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Crop Production and Management Solutions

• These notes and solutions are developed following the latest ICSE Class 8 syllabus and guidelines. You will find absolute convenience in framing the answers to all the fundamental questions and developing your answering skills by following these solutions.

• Find out how the experts have formulated the answers to particular questions. In this way, you can practice and answer What is Crop Rotation Class 8 Chapter 1 explain easily.

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Download Crop Production and Management notes Lakhmir Singh and Solutions PDF

Get the free PDF version of the notes and solutions to all the exercise questions of this chapter. Complete your study material and prepare this chapter well. You can follow how the answers have been framed by the subject experts. Check your preparation using the Class 8 Science Chapter 1 extra questions and answers at your convenience. This is how you can score more in the exams.