Question

Write two differences between diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus.

Answer 1

Hint:Both forms of diabetes insipidus are related to a hormone called vasopressin, although they occur in different ways. Vasopressin facilitates the preservation of water in the kidneys.

Complete answer:
Diabetes mellitus is caused by insulin deficiency or by insulin hypo-secretion. Type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus are two distinct types of diabetes mellitus. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is sometimes referred to as type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is called type 2 diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Diabetes Insipidus is the result of the deficiency of ADH. In this case, the individual suffers from polyurea. It's also called a drinker's disease.

	Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes Insipidus
Deficiency	It is caused due to deficiency of Insulin.	It is caused due to deficiency of ADH.
Type of disorder	Pancreatic	Hypothalamic disorder.
Blood sugar level	The blood sugar level is high.	Blood sugar level is normal.
Urine Volume	The volume of urine is excessive.	The volume of urine is enormous.
Urine concentration	The concentration of urine is normal.	The urine is very dilute.
Ketone formation	Ketone formation occurs.	Ketone formation does not occur.
Excretion of sugar in the urine	Sugar is excreted in the urine.	Sugar is not excreted in the urine.
Symptoms	Feeling deeply thirsty, over-eating, and producing urine	Feeling thirsty, excretion of significant quantities of urine, and dehydration
Cholesterol level in the blood	Cholesterol levels in the blood increase.	Cholesterol level in the blood decreases.

Note: Diabetes is not healed, but it can be treated and managed. The aim of diabetes management is to: keep your blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible by combining food intake with medications and exercise.