Question

Write the name of excretory organs and draw a labelled diagram of excretory system in humans.

Answer 1

Hint: Humans are ureotelic organisms. Ureotelic organisms are those which remove their excretory waste in the form of urea. The major elimination of waste in humans takes place through the paired kidney.

Step by step answer:
The excretory organs in humans consist of the following parts:
A pair of kidneys that contain nephrons. Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the excretory system. They consist of the Bowman's capsule, afferent and efferent arterioles, proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), a loop of Henle (LOH), distal convoluted tubule (DCT), and the collecting duct
 A pair of ureters that connect the pair of kidneys to the urinary bladder. A urinary bladder that stores the urine until micturition. Urethra that delivers the urine to the external environment. It consists of the prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and the spongy urethra (the spongy urethra is the longest in males). The inferior vena cava and Aorta are the large vessels that carry the blood to and from the heart respectively. The renal artery and renal vein deliver and remove blood from the pair of kidneys respectively Iliac artery and iliac vein. The respiratory system consists of the alveolar apparatus, bronchial system. Trachea, etc. They excrete carbon dioxide, water, and other potentially harmful/ toxic metabolites. The integumentary system also excretes harmful substances and waste products through sebum and sweat. Saliva also excretes some nitrogenous substances.

Note: Ammonotelism is the excretion of ammonia. It is seen in aquatic organisms. These organisms are known as ammonotelic organisms
-Ureotelism is the excretion of urea. It is seen in mammals like humans. These organisms are known as ureotelic organisms
-Uricotelism is the excretion of uric acid. It is seen in birds. These organisms are known as uricotelic organisms. The GIT also excretes cholesterol, etc through feces