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Hint: A chemical reaction is that in which one or more of the chemical species react directly to form products in a single reaction step and with a single transition state. For a simple chemical reaction that occurs in one step, the molecularity tells us how many molecules affect the rate of that reaction. And order tells about number of molecules of the reactant whose concentration changes during the chemical change. Use this basic knowledge and curate the differences.
Complete answer:
Reaction: we should know about reaction if it takes place in a single step than it is elementary reaction. And if a reaction takes place in two or more steps then we say it as a complicated reaction. And this sequence of steps through which a complicated reaction takes place is called reaction – mechanism. Each step in a mechanism is an elementary step reaction.
One simple idea about the molecularity of reaction that we can get is the minimum number of molecules that are required for feasibility of reaction is called Molecularity.
We define order of reaction as the number of molecules of the reactant whose concentration changes during the chemical change.
Note: We should note here that it is important to distinguish molecularity from order of reaction. Order of reaction is calculated by experiment from the rate law of reaction. To determine order we should sum up the exponents from the rate law of the equation.
Complete answer:
Reaction: we should know about reaction if it takes place in a single step than it is elementary reaction. And if a reaction takes place in two or more steps then we say it as a complicated reaction. And this sequence of steps through which a complicated reaction takes place is called reaction – mechanism. Each step in a mechanism is an elementary step reaction.
One simple idea about the molecularity of reaction that we can get is the minimum number of molecules that are required for feasibility of reaction is called Molecularity.
Chemical reaction | Molecularity | |
1 | $PC{{l}_{5}}\to PC{{l}_{3}}+C{{l}_{2}}$ | Uni-molecular |
2 | \[NO+{{O}_{3}}\to N{{O}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}\] | Bi-molecular |
3 | \[2S{{O}_{2}}+{{O}_{2}}\to 2S{{O}_{3}}\] | Tri-molecular |
We define order of reaction as the number of molecules of the reactant whose concentration changes during the chemical change.
Molecularity | Order | |
Molecularity is the number of ions or molecules that take part in the rate-determining step. | Number of molecules of the reactant whose concentration changes during the chemical change | |
It is always a whole number | It can either be a whole number or a fraction | |
The molecularity of the reaction is determined by looking at the reaction mechanism | The order of the reaction is determined by the experimental methods | |
It is theoretical concept | It is experimental concept | |
It is meaningful only for simple reactions or individual steps of a complex reaction. It is meaningless for an overall complex reaction. | It is meant for the reaction and not for its individual steps |
Note: We should note here that it is important to distinguish molecularity from order of reaction. Order of reaction is calculated by experiment from the rate law of reaction. To determine order we should sum up the exponents from the rate law of the equation.
We cannot consider the molecularity of reaction, it involves a difficult mechanism. Only the molecularity of individual elementary reactions should be considered.
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