Courses
Courses for Kids
Free study material
Offline Centres
More
Store Icon
Store
seo-qna
SearchIcon
banner

Write briefly about Bohr effect and Haldane effect and their significance.

Answer
VerifiedVerified
410.4k+ views
like imagedislike image
Hint :The decrease in oxygen affinity of haemoglobin when the blood pH decreases is called the Bohr effect and is related in a way that deoxygenated haemoglobin binds H+ more actively than oxyhaemoglobin. The increased capacity of deoxygenated haemoglobin to carry CO2 is referred to as the Haldane effect.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
The Bohr Effect and its significance is stated below,
The pH of blood decreases as its CO2 content increases, so that when the PCO2 increases, the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve slides to the right and the P50 increases.
Most of the unsaturation of haemoglobin occurs in the tissues is secondary to the lessening in the PO2, but an extra 12% of haemoglobin’s unsaturation is due to the rise in PCO2 and the consequent shift of the dissociation curve to the right.
 The Bohr effect takes place in tissues that are metabolically active. This helps with the transport of oxygen from the haemoglobin molecule and it does work accurately to the metabolic activity of the tissue.
As more metabolism takes place, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide increases and will cause a lowered value in pH and will allow for greater oxygen unloading.
 This is especially true in exercising skeletal muscles which may also release lactic acid which in turn reduces local blood pH and therefore enhances the Bohr Effect.
The Haldane effect and its significance is stated below,
De-oxygenated haemoglobin binds more H+ than oxyhaemoglobin and deoxygenated haemoglobin forms carbamino compounds more readily than oxyhaemoglobin.
The attachment of oxygen to haemoglobin reduces the capacity of haemoglobin to carry CO2 . The reason for this is that O2 increases the ionization of nitrogen groups, which reduces the capacity of the globin chain to carry CO2 as carbamino compounds.
De-oxyhaemoglobin can carry more CO2 in the form of carbamino compounds. Haemoglobin binds more H+ than oxyhaemoglobin. De-oxyhaemoglobin is more basic and therefore has an increased capacity excluding the H+ ions produced when carbonic acid dissociates and so has an increased buffering capacity for CO2 .
Similarly, venous blood carries more CO2 than arterial blood, and CO2 uptake is more in the tissues and CO2 release is increased in the lungs.

Note :
The Bohr and Haldane effects have got to do with the filling of oxygen to the haemoglobin molecule and the emptying of oxygen from the haemoglobin molecule Haemoglobin is red, O2 carrying pigment in the red blood cells of vertebrates. There are about 200300 million haemoglobin molecules in each red blood cell.
Latest Vedantu courses for you
Grade 11 Science PCM | CBSE | SCHOOL | English
CBSE (2025-26)
calendar iconAcademic year 2025-26
language iconENGLISH
book iconUnlimited access till final school exam
tick
School Full course for CBSE students
PhysicsPhysics
ChemistryChemistry
MathsMaths
₹41,848 per year
Select and buy