Question

Write any pull factors affecting the migration of people.

Answer 1

Hint: 1)Migration is the movement of people from one location to another and widely associated with change of permanent place of residence.
2)These are the factors which attract the migrants to an area.
3)Opportunities for better employment, higher wages, facilities, better working conditions and attractive amenities are pull factors of an area.

Complete answer:
There are various factors which affect the migration of people which are broadly divided into Socio-political, economic disparity, ecological factors and due to rise in Communal Violence. Before we discuss these factors, it is important to understand that migrants themselves can be divided into two broad categories: humanitarian and economic.
Humanitarian migrants- It includes asylum seekers and refugees. They migrate to countries geographically close to their country of origin. E.g. - Afghanistan has been a major source of humanitarian emigrants, with Pakistan and Iran becoming their main destination countries.
Economic migrants- They migrate in order to find employment or improve their financial circumstances. Generally, they move from poorer to richer countries.

Pull factors affecting the migration of people:
1)Socio- political: People move because there is democracy, rule of law where their voice will not be suppressed. They find political stability, peace and security. Beside this, protection to minorities and protection of human and civil rights.
2)Economic disparity: It relates to the labour standards of a country, its unemployment situation and the overall health of its economy pulls people to move from rural to urban cities domestically for better wages and employment opportunities. Whereas, Economic migrants are drawn towards international migration because of the prospect of higher wages, better employment opportunities from their hometown.
3)Ecological Factors: Climate change has a great impact upon water resources, agriculture, food security, public health. Where seasonal agriculture pushes migrants and search for occupation and better facilities pull the city towards it. Rising communal violence world-wide, often as a result of ethnic or religious intolerance, has led to increased levels of migration.

Note: 1)India's current net migration rate in 2020 is-0,369 per 1000 population, down 3.66% from 2019.
2)The net migration rate for India in 2019 was-0,383 per 1000 population, down 3.28 per cent from 2018.
3)The net migration rate for India in 2018 was-0,396 per 1000 population, a 1.28% increase from 2017.