Question

Write a paragraph on the various roles of the government.

Answer 1

Hint: In simple terms, the government refers to all the government departments and ministers who head these departments. The role of the government can be classified into two different types - Direct role and Indirect role.

Complete answer:
A government is the body of persons or an institution that controls and governs a state or a city. The role of the government is to maintain peace and harmony within the state. Its role can be classified into two different types - Direct role and indirect role.
1. Direct role:
- Agricultural growth: It is the duty of the government to enhance the agricultural sector of a country by implementing necessary policies and implementations. In a country like India, where the main occupation is agriculture, it is the duty of the government to establish proper planning and land tenure systems. In cases of disputes, conflicts or improper planning, the government of India has adopted several measures to overcome these issues such as economic subsidies, land reform, new tenancy system etc for the welfare of its agricultural sector.
- Industrial growth: The Government of India in the Second Five Year plan had given huge emphasis on the development of industrial sectors such as iron, steel, power, cement etc. To enhance the growth further, the Government of India adopted the New Industrial policy in 1991 and gave enough licence to the private sector for the development of the consumer goods industries along with few heavy engineering goods.
- The government plays an important role in maintaining law and order in society. It does so through the effective administrative systems, such as police, defence and the court to maintain peace and harmony both internally and externally.
- It is also the duty of the government to reduce any type of inequality that exists within the state be it caste issues or between the rich and poor sections of the society.

2. Indirect role:
- Fiscal Policy: taxes and subsidies and all other government policies related to the public revenue and expenditures are related to fiscal policies. Proper implementation of the fiscal policies helps in the economic development of the country. It helps in controlling inflation, capital formation and stabilizing the market.
- International Trade Policy: Trade plays an important role in the economic development of the country. The role of the government is to regulate and control trade policies by imposing tariffs, duties etc., to improve the situation of Balance of Payment (BOP).

Note: The two pillars of good governance are including good people into the government and also ensuring that the government performs only those duties which are assigned to it and should not become a dictator by avoiding the needs of its people.