Question

Write a description about any two biofuel producing plants.

Answer 1

Hint: Plants from which biofuel is obtained are called as biofuel producing plants. Biofuel is the fuel that is obtained from the biomass i.e., plants or algae materials or animal waste. Biofuel is considered to be a renewable source of energy and (can be replenished easily as feedstock material can be easily replenished), unlike fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal, and natural gas.

Complete answer:
The oil of some plants is refined to make fuel. As this type of fuel is of a biological origin (biomass is used), therefore, it is called biofuel and the plants producing this biofuel are called biofuel plants. The two important varieties of plants are used to produce biofuel:
-Ratan Jot of jatropha seeds - Botanical Name: Jatropha curcas; Family: Euphorbiaceae.
 Jatropha curcas plants can survive without watering for about 5-6 month.
It is able to survive at high temperatures.
It is a perennial plant that gives flowers for about 25 years.
Flowering occurs two times a year, first in April, May, and Jun. Second time flowering occurs in September, October and November.
After nine days of sowing seed, the baby plant appears which can be transferred to the field after two to six months.
Reach can reach to the height of six to ten meters.
One branch of the plant has about 4-6 bunches of seeds.
 -Uses: The seeds of this plant are di- dicotyledonous and very rich in oil content. The oil obtained from these seeds is refined and used as biodiesel. It is used as an alternative to diesel or petrol.
-Karanj- Botanical Name: Pongamia pinnata; Family: Papilionaceae.
 It is commonly found in Bangladesh and India by the name pongam or Karanja.
It can tolerate unfavorable environmental conditions such as drought, heat, limestone, salinity, sand and shade and can resist temperature 0-50 degree Celsius.
They are usually nitrogen-fixing trees, which produce seeds having 30-40 percent of oil.
It is an alternative source of biodiesel
It can reach heights of 6 to 8 meters; the trunk can be more than 50 centimeters in diameter.
The bark of the karanj plant is grayish-brown and leaves are dark green in colour.
A pod contains a single seed having thickened walled.
Seeds are usually 10 to 20 centimeters in size and light brown in colour.
 -Uses: The seeds of this plant are also oil rich. It is also used to produce biodiesel. This biodiesel is used in automobiles in place of diesel and can also be blended with normal diesel.

Note:
-Biodiesel obtained is plant-based fuels that comes under renewable sources and can be replenished easily, as plants can be grown easily and carbon emissions rate is also low, as compared to fossil fuels based fuels.
-Biofuels advancement not only creates more jobs but also proves to be a boon to the economy. It is environmentally friendly as it helps in reducing greenhouse gases up to much extent by emitting less pollution.