Question

Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reaction:
When lithium hydroxide pellets are added to a solution of sulphuric acid, lithium sulfate and water are formed.
A. $$LiOH\left(s\right)+2H_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)\to L{i}_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)+2H_{2}O\left(l\right)$$
B. $$LiOH\left(s\right)+H_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)\to L{i}_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)+H_{2}O\left(l\right)$$
C. $$2LiOH\left(s\right)+\text{2}{H}_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)\to L{i}_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)+2H_{2}O\left(l\right)$$
D. $$2LiOH\left(s\right)+H_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)\to L{i}_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)+2H_{2}O\left(l\right)$$

Answer 1

Hint: A chemical equation represents the substances that are involved in a chemical reaction i.e. reactants and products. The balanced chemical equation is the one that has the same number of atoms on both sides of a reaction. Physical states tell us about the forms of elements or compounds that are visible to us. These are used to make the chemical reaction more informative and involve all the states of matter in parenthesis with their particular symbols.

Complete step by step answer:
Physical states are the form of states of matter in which the compound or element is present and is visible to us. The physical states of the reactants and products are mentioned along with their chemical formula in a chemical reaction to make a chemical equation more informative.
There are four common symbols used for depicting physical states. These are (s), (l), (g) and (aq). Let us discuss each term one by one. (s) stands for the solid state of matter, (l) stands for the liquid state of matter, (g) stands for gaseous phase or state of matter.
Now, lithium hydroxide is a base, on the other hand, sulfuric acid is acid, so they both undergo acid-base reaction. In an acid-base reaction, water and salt are formed. Therefore, the balanced chemical equation, when lithium hydroxide pellets are added to a solution of sulphuric acid, lithium sulfate and water are formed is, $$2LiOH\left(s\right)+H_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)\to L{i}_{2}S{O}_4\left(aq\right)+2H_{2}O\left(l\right)$$

So, the correct option is D.


Note: Now to balance a chemical reaction there are so many methods. For redox reactions in an acidic medium, the steps of balancing reactions are,
1.First, write down the oxidation and reduction reaction from the given reaction.
2.Then balance the number of oxygen and hydrogen of the oxidation and reduction reaction. Add H+ to make an equal number of hydrogen and add water to make an equal number of oxygens.
3.Then balance the charge of each oxidation and reduction reaction by the electron.
4.After that multiply the number with the reaction to make an equal number of electrons in each reaction.
5.At last, summarize the reaction to establish a balanced reaction.