Question

Why is $ B{F_3} $ an electrophile?

Answer 1

Hint: Electrophiles are chemical compounds or molecules that accept pairs of electrons and form bonds with nucleophiles. Electrophiles are also Lewis acids because they can accept electrons. Most of the electrophiles are generally positively charged, the atom has a partial positive charge, or we can say that the atom does not have an electron octet. This means that the central atom of these electrophiles has an incomplete valence shell electron configuration.

Complete answer:
We know that an electrophile is a chemical that accepts pairs of electrons and forms a bond with the nucleophile. Electrophiles are also Lewis acids because they can accept electrons. . Most of the electrophiles are generally positively charged, the atom has a partial positive charge, or we can say that the atom does not have an electron octet.
- They lack electrons and are attracted to electrons. They can be positively or negatively charged.
- Chemical species attack atoms with a large number of electrons, including carbon-carbon double bonds.
- The density affects the movement of electrons and usually occurs from high-density areas to low-density areas.
- Electrophilic addition and substitution reactions should be advantageous.
- Because they accept electrons, they are also called Lewis acids.
- In electrophilic substitution and addition reactions, involving electrophiles.
Given $ B{F_3} $ , where boron is the central atom, the atomic number is $ 5 $ , and the electronic configuration is $ 1{s^2}2{s^2}2{p^1} $ . So in the outermost layer there are $ \;3 $ electrons combined with three fluorine atoms. It octet is not complete and hence, it still behaves like an electrophile to stabilize or obtain an octet configuration.

Note:
We should remember that a nucleophile is a chemical that has a negative charge or a lone pair of electrons. The lone pair electrons are those that are not used in the bond. They are not used in the molecule. As a result, this type of chemical will be attracted to the positive area of ​​another compound or molecule. This attraction leads to chemical reactions and bonding.