Question

Which type of flagella characterizes a bacterial cell?
A) Lophotrichous
B) Monotrichous
C) Amphitrichous
D) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Flagella is a hair like structure. This acts as an organ for locomotion for many living organisms. Flagella of bacteria are made up of protein and are helical in shape. The base of the flagella is attached to the basal body enclosed in a cell envelope. The rotation of the flagellum is either clockwise or anticlockwise in direction.

Complete Answer:
The main organ of locomotion is called flagella.It is found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Arrangement of flagella differs from one bacteria to another. Eukaryotes move in a whiplike manner which has one to many flagella. They resemble cilium in structure. The movement of eukaryotic flagella depends on adenosine triphosphate for energy,whereas the movement of prokaryotic flagella depends on proton motion force or ion gradient for energy which is present across the cell membrane. The types of flagella according to arrangements are as follows
1. Atrichous: No flagella is present.
2. Monotrichous: Only one flagella at one end.Example: Vibrio cholerae.
3. Lophotrichous: Many flagella at one end. Example:Spirilla app
4. Amphitrichous: Flagella all over the body
Example: E.coli

This the correct answer is option (D) None of the above.

Note: The existence of bacteria is about two billion years ago. Bacteria are so small that they can be seen only under a microscope. As the flagella rotate, they spin the bacteria and push the bacteria forward. The flagella are sensitive to chemicals and temperature outside the cell. Most bacteria are identified and classified based on their reaction in biochemical tests. Flagellar motion induces water currents that are essential for respiration and circulation in sponges and coelenterates.