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Hint: We should find out which element among the given options element forms a stable single bond with atoms of the same element and also which elements can form bond maximum with the atoms of the same element.
Complete step by step solution: We Know that bonding between the same type of elements to form a long chain of compounds is called the property of Catenation. Let us rule out options and find out the correct answer.
Among the group 16 elements in the given options Se has higher bond dissociation energy than Te. As the size increases nucleus attraction on valence electrons decreases as a result bond weakens as we go down the group. So Se shows greater catenation property than Te.
Oxygen has 6 electrons in the valence shell out of these 6 electrons 4 electrons are paired and the remaining two are unpaired. In an oxygen single bond, each oxygen atom contains 2 lone pair electrons and the charge density on each atom is very high due to the small size of an oxygen atom, as a result, there will be lone pair repulsions among two oxygen atoms forming the bond. As a result, oxygen single bond strength weakens and bond dissociation energy decreases. O-O single bond energy is lower than Se-Se single bond energy. So Se shows higher catenation property among group 16 elements given in options.
Carbon has 4 electrons in the valence shell with 2 paired electrons and 2 unpaired electrons. But when carbon absorbs a little amount of heat one electron in the 2S subshell excites and occupies vacant orbital in the 2P subshell which results in 4 unpaired electrons. Thus, carbon exhibits a valency of 4. Carbon can easily form single bonds with other carbon atoms which are highly stable as there are no lone pairs on carbon atoms. Each carbon atom can form a bond with 4 other Carbon atoms which is another reason for catenation property.
Among the given elements Carbon exhibits maximum catenation property.
Therefore, option C is correct.
Note: Though Se, Te can show valency of 6 they do not form stable bonds with the same elements. Their Bond dissociation energy is very less compared to carbon. Among all elements of group 16 Sulphur shows the highest catenation property.
Complete step by step solution: We Know that bonding between the same type of elements to form a long chain of compounds is called the property of Catenation. Let us rule out options and find out the correct answer.
Among the group 16 elements in the given options Se has higher bond dissociation energy than Te. As the size increases nucleus attraction on valence electrons decreases as a result bond weakens as we go down the group. So Se shows greater catenation property than Te.
Oxygen has 6 electrons in the valence shell out of these 6 electrons 4 electrons are paired and the remaining two are unpaired. In an oxygen single bond, each oxygen atom contains 2 lone pair electrons and the charge density on each atom is very high due to the small size of an oxygen atom, as a result, there will be lone pair repulsions among two oxygen atoms forming the bond. As a result, oxygen single bond strength weakens and bond dissociation energy decreases. O-O single bond energy is lower than Se-Se single bond energy. So Se shows higher catenation property among group 16 elements given in options.
Carbon has 4 electrons in the valence shell with 2 paired electrons and 2 unpaired electrons. But when carbon absorbs a little amount of heat one electron in the 2S subshell excites and occupies vacant orbital in the 2P subshell which results in 4 unpaired electrons. Thus, carbon exhibits a valency of 4. Carbon can easily form single bonds with other carbon atoms which are highly stable as there are no lone pairs on carbon atoms. Each carbon atom can form a bond with 4 other Carbon atoms which is another reason for catenation property.
Among the given elements Carbon exhibits maximum catenation property.
Therefore, option C is correct.
Note: Though Se, Te can show valency of 6 they do not form stable bonds with the same elements. Their Bond dissociation energy is very less compared to carbon. Among all elements of group 16 Sulphur shows the highest catenation property.
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