Question

Which separation techniques will you apply for the separation of the following?
A.Sodium chloride from its solution in water.
B.Ammonium chloride from a mixture containing sodium chloride and ammonium chloride.
C.Small piece of metal in the engine oil of a car.
D.Different pigments from an extract of flower petals.
E.Butter from curd.
F.Oil from water.
G.Tea leaves from tea.
H.Iron pins from sand.
I.Wheat grains from husk.
J.Fine mud particles are suspended in water.

Answer 1

Hint: We all observe many things in our daily life like butter, curd, tea, sodium chloride, oil, iron pins, wheat grains, and many more. But we also observe that so many things are obtained by the processing of other things. For example, many products are formed by milk. But when we need one from the mixture like ‘Butter from curd’. We need to separate them and for that purpose, we use separation techniques.

Complete step by step answer:
We will study the separation techniques to separate the following one by one-
A.Sodium chloride from its solution in the water-The best way to separate Sodium chloride from its solution in water is evaporation. We can boil water for a few minutes but after that, we will observe that water will start evaporating and the only thing left in a beaker will be sodium chloride.
B.Ammonium chloride from a mixture containing sodium chloride and ammonium chloride- The separation technique used is sublimation. Sublimation is the state change directly from solid to a gas. Ammonium chloride will be obtained as a sublimed product.
C.Small piece of metal in the engine oil of a car- The separation technique used in Filtration.
In this process, solid particles will be removed from a liquid by the use of an appropriate filter.
D.Different pigments from an extract of flower petals- The separation technique used in chromatography. In this preparation, the technique mixture is separated by dissolving in a fluid which is also called a mobile phase. It is used to separate organic and inorganic compounds,
E.Butter from curd- The separation technique used is the centrifugation method. This method is based on fluids having different densities. In our daily life also we use this technique using the rotor.
F.Oil from water- The separation technique used is separation funnel. In this, a technique separating funnels is used. As we know that oil and water are two immiscible liquids with different densities.
G.Tea leaves from tea- The separation technique used in Filtration. The method is the same as the separation of small pieces of metal in the engine oil of a car. One thing you should keep in mind to use an appropriate filter.
H.Iron pins from sand- The separation technique used is Magnetic separation. As we know that iron has a strong magnetic property so we can easily separate iron pins from sand by a magnet. Therefore, this technique is called magnetic separation.
I.Wheat grains from husk- The separation technique used is the Winnowing technique. This technique is also called a sedimentation process. This technique is time-consuming. This technique is an agriculture method. You might have observed your mother or grand-mother doing it.
J.Fine mud particles suspended in water- The separation technique used is a two-step process of sedimentation followed by the filtration method.

Note:
One thing to remember here is that you may use different techniques to separate the same mixture. For example- fine mud particles suspended in water can also be separated by the centrifugation method.