Question

Which one of the following is a non-vascular plant?
A. Bryophytes
B. Pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms

Answer 1

Hint: Plants which do not have vascular systems that are xylem and phloem are called non-vascular paste. These plants have specialized tissue that helps in the conduction of water. Non-vascular plants are called lower plants as they were evolved earlier without the conductive tissues.

Complete answer: Non-vascular plants are those plants which lack xylem and phloem. Xylem and phloem are together called a vascular system. The xylem tissue helps in the conduction of water whereas the phloem regulates the function of conducting nutrients and minerals to the plant. Non-vascular plants have specialized tissue that helps in transporting water. Non-vascular plants are further divided into two groups. They are bryophytes and algae. Bryophytes are nonflowering plants as they do not produce flowers or seeds. Reproduction in bryophytes takes place by spores. The gametophytic plants in bryophytes are haploid gametophytes and sporophyte is the only diploid portion of the plant. Sporophyte consists of stalk and sporangium. Non-vascular plants are short in height as they do not have a vascular system that is xylem and phloem. Except for bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms are all vascular plants which possess the vascular system of xylem and phloem. These plants are tall in height and mostly reproduce by gametes.
So, option A is the correct answer.

Note: The division bryophyte is also called moss. They are found in damp, shady places. Examples of moss are hornworts, liverworts, mountain fern moss, and lichen. The gametophyte phase of non-vascular plants is dominant. Vascular plants are also referred to as tracheophytes. Vascular plants can be well differentiated into roots, leaves, and stem.