Question

Which one is correct for blooming of short day plants?
a. The long dark period is not critical
b. It is affected by interruption of long dark period by brief exposure to light
c. it is not affected by interruption of long dark period by brief exposure to light
d. It is affected if continuous light period is interrupted

Answer 1

Hint: Short-day plants are those in which flowering occurs only if the day is shorter than the critical day length, it requires a darker period for the plant to flower. Any interruption in the darker period by any exposure of light does not produce flowering.

Complete answer:
Photoperiodism is the physiological reaction of organisms such as plants or animals to the darkness or length of the night. Some plants should be exposed to a particular period of the light in order to flower, this phenomena is mainly discovered by Charles Darwin and his son.

Most of the plants which flower, usually utilize the Photoperiodism in order to flower, this process of Photoperiodism is mainly due to the presence of some photo proteins such as photochromic or cytochrome where they act as photoreceptors

They are divided into 3 types
Short day plants
Long day plants
Day-neutral plants.

> Short day plants: The plants which require less exposure of light to flower is said to be short-day plants
- Research and investigation states that short-day plants require more darkness for the plants to flower
- Some of the examples of the short-day plants include Rice, cotton, soybeans, green gram, jowar, hibiscus, etc.

> Long day plants: These plants require more exposure of light to flowers, which is said to be long day plants.
- Most of the long day plants usually flower in late springs and early summer.
- Some of the examples of long-day plants include peas, oats, Barley, lettuce, wheat, radish, sugar beats, potatoes, etc.

> Day-neutral plants: These plants usually flower, as they grow old but do not depend on day length and all.
- Some of the examples of the Day-neutral plants include cucumber, corn, tomato, sunflower, etc.

Note: Flowering in the plants is controlled not only by the seasons such as environmental conditions, and also morphological conditions also, apart from the photoperiodism or light period, the temperature or vernalization also affects the flowering in plants.