Question

Which one correctly describes homologous structures?
A) Organs with anatomical similarities but perform different functions
B) Organs with anatomical dissimilarities but perform same functions
C) Organs that have no functions now but had an important function in ancestors
D) Organs appearing only in the embryonic stage and disappearing later in adult

Answer 1

Hint:Homologous structures are the structures that have a similar bony framework underneath that makes up the structure.

Complete answer:
Homologous structures are the structures having similar fundamental anatomical structures but have different functions. Homologous organs may not be similar but have a common ancestral structure or similar embryonic origin. Homologous organs are similar anatomically but are modified according to the functions that need to be performed. Examples of homologous structures are the arm of humans, the wing of a bat, and the flipper of dolphins are homologous structures. They are considered homologous structures because they have similar anatomy but are used for different functions. The arm of humans is modified to perform grasping and gripping functions. The wing of a bat is modified to carry out the function of flying. The flippers of dolphins perform the function of swimming.
So, the correct answer is homologous structures are organs with anatomical similarities but, performing different functions.

Hence option ‘A’ is the correct answer.

Note:Homologous organs are often confused with analogous organs. Both are exactly opposite. Homologous organs have similar anatomical structures but different functions. Analogous organs have similar functions but have different morphology.