Question

Which of the following statements is/are true about the brain?
(i) The main thinking part of the brain is the hindbrain.
(ii) Centres of hearing, smell, memory, sight etc., are located in the forebrain.
(iii) Involuntary actions like salivation, vomiting, and blood pressure are controlled by the medulla in the hindbrain.
(iv) Cerebellum does not control posture and balance of the body.
A) (i) and (ii)
B) (i), (ii), and (iii)
C) (ii) and (iii)
D) (iii) and (iv)

Answer 1

Hint: Brain is an organ which is a part of the nervous system. And is the centre for control and coordination. It is a complex organ where neurons are aggregated. Brain is composed or a number of specialized areas that work in coordination.

Complete answer:
The major portion of the human brain is composed of the. It is the part where thoughts are coordinated and the process of thinking takes place. The part also controls and regulates behaviour and other major physiological functions. The various parts of the forebrain are cerebrum, hypothalamus, thalamus and the limbic system. Various functions such as hearing, smell, memory, sight are controlled by specialized regions in the forebrain. The medulla part of the hind brain deals with the coordination of various involuntary actions such as vomiting, control of blood pressure, and salivation. Thus the correct options among the ones given are (ii) and (iii)

Considering the other given options:
Statement (i) is incorrect since hindbrain is not the main thinking part of the brain. The thoughts and process of thinking are controlled by the forebrain. Thus A is not the right option.
Statement (i) is incorrect since hindbrain is not the main thinking part of the brain. The thoughts and process of thinking are controlled by the forebrain. Thus B is not the right option.
Statement (iv) is incorrect since Cerebellum is a part of the hindbrain that controls a variety of involuntary activities including posture and balance control of the body. Thus D is not the right option.

Hence from the above given options the one with correct statements included is option C.

Note: The third part of the brain is called midbrain and is also known as Mesencephalon. The most important functions associated with the part are in the control of motor movements. It helps in eye movements as well as in audio visual processing.