Question

Which of the following originates from phloem?
(a)Sunn hemp
(b)Jute
(c)Flax
(d)All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: They are a living tissue in vascular plants that conducts the soluble organic compounds synthesized during photosynthesis downwards from the leaves. They are located on the outer side of the vascular bundle.

Complete answer:
Jute, flax, and hemp originate from phloem and utilized commercially. Jute is a long, soft, bright vegetable fiber that will be spun into coarse, powerful threads. Jute fibers are made up primarily of the plant materials cellulose and lignin. It comes into the category of bast (fiber collected from bast, the phloem of the plant, rarely called the "skin") alongside kenaf, industrial hemp, flax (linen), ramie, etc.

Additional Information: Phloem transports food materials, basically from leaves to different parts of the plant. Phloem is incorporated in the sieve tube component, companion cells, parenchyma, and phloem fibers. Phloem fibers consist of sclerenchymatous cells. These are basically not present within the primary phloem but are present within the secondary phloem. The cell wall of phloem fibers is sort of thick. At maturity, these fibers lose their protoplasm and convert into the dead.
Constituents of phloem are-
Companion cells – it present to check the action of the adjacent sieve element and participates in loading and unloading of the sugar into the sieve element
Sieve tubes – they are elongated living cells, transfer carbohydrates, chiefly sucrose from leaves to roots and fruits
Phloem fibers – they are commercially utilized as they have great flexibility and tensile strength
Phloem parenchyma – they are also known as transfer cells, they are found nearby the thinnest branches, ends of sieve tubes in leaf veinlets, the work is to convey food.
So, the correct answer is ‘All of the above’.

Note: Organic molecules like sugars, amino acids, few hormones, and even messenger RNAs are passed within the phloem by sieve tube elements. Phloem is additionally used as a well-liked site for oviposition and breeding of insects belonging to the Diptera, including the fruit fly Drosophila Montana. Phloem from silver birch has been also utilized to produce flour in the past.