Question

Which of the following organelle acts as a site for photosynthesis in plants?
(a) Ribosome
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Endoplasmic reticulum
(e) Golgi apparatus

Answer 1

Hint: They are the small organelles within the cells of plants and green algae. They are oval or biconvex, present inside the mesophyll of the plant cell. They also store food energy.

Complete answer:
The chloroplast is the organelle that acts as a site for photosynthesis in plants. They are double-membrane organelle, found in all higher plants. The size of the chloroplast usually varies between 4 to 6 micrometers in diameter and 1 to 3 micrometers in thickness. The most important function of the chloroplast is to synthesize food and produce ATP by the process of photosynthesis. It absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy (sugars). It has a structure known as chlorophyll which works through trapping the solar energy and uses it for the synthesis of food in all green plants and produces NADPH and molecular oxygen through photolysis of water. The carbon dioxide taken from the atmosphere is utilized to produce carbon and sugar during the Calvin Cycle or dark reaction of photosynthesis.
A ribosome is a compact molecular mechanism located inside the living cells that produce proteins from amino acids throughout the process named protein synthesis or translation.
Mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles existing in the cytoplasm of every eukaryotic cell, that generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main energy molecule utilized through the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum is a complex network of tubular membranes that particularly exist in the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell. They are particularised for the production and secretion of steroid hormones.
The Golgi apparatus is a membrane-bound organelle that exists in the cytosol of the cell. They are accountable for transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to selected points.

So, the correct answer is ‘Chloroplast’.

Note:
Chloroplasts are present in the cells of all green tissues of plants and algae. Chloroplasts are also present in photosynthetic tissues that do not appear green, like the brown blades of giant kelp or the red leaves of particular plants. In plants, chloroplasts are concentrated particularly within the parenchyma cells of the leaf mesophyll (the internal cell layers of a leaf).