Question

Which of the following numbers denotes the number of species of flora and fauna found in India?
(A) 14,000 and 81,000
(B) 26,000 and 81,000
(C) 35,000 and 81,000
(D) 47,000 and 81,000

Answer 1

Hint: India is a biodiversity hotspot i.e. a whole lot of species of plants and animals can be found here. It has various ecosystems ranging from the Himalayas in the north to the evergreen rain-forests in the south. Not only this, it has desert sands of the west and the mangroves of the east. An indomalayan realm where India lies has about mammals ($7.6\% $), amphibians ($14.7\% $), birds ($6\% $), reptilians ($6.2\% $), and flowering plant species ($6.02\% $).

Complete step-by-step answer:
One of the richest Flora and Fauna in the world can be found in India. It’s the result of the wider range of climate, topology and habitat in the country. With over 18,000 species of flowering plants in India, that make up to 6-7 per cent of the total plant species in the world India is a boiling pot of biodiversity. It provides a home to 50,000 species of plants, with extensive varieties of endemics. India since the earliest times has been using plants for medicinal purposes. Western Himalayas, Eastern Himalayas, Assam, Indus plain, Ganges plain, the Deccan, Malabar and the Andaman Islands have about 3000 species of plants and are considered as the eight main floristic regions in India. India lies within the Indomalayan realm. As a result, India showcases magnificent biodiversity. One of seventeen megadiverse countries holds mammals ($7.6\% $), amphibians ($14.7\% $), birds ($6\% $), reptilians ($6.2\% $), and flowering plant species ($6.02\% $).

Thus, option (D) is correct.

Note: There are eighteen biosphere reserves in India as declared by the Indian Government. It protects larger areas of natural habitats. Not only the flora and fauna of the region but also to the human communities who live in these regions are protected by this.