Question

Which of the following is/are not correct with regard to the architecture of the Turks?
1. In the sphere of decoration, the Turks eschewed representation of human and animal figures in their building.
2. The Turks used geometrical and floral designs, combining them with panels of inscriptions containing verses from the Quran.
3. The Turks did not borrow from Hindu motifs.
4. The Turks did not add color to their building, they used only white marble.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
A) 1 and 2
B) 2 and 4
C) 3 and 4
D) 1 and 3

Answer 1

Hint: While talking about the architecture of the Turks we also refer to that of the Ottoman Empire. The Topkapi Palace is one the most beautiful structures built by the Ottoman Empire. Their architecture had Persian, Greek, Islamic and other religious influences.


Complete answer:
The Turks who lived in Central Asia during the pre-Islamic period are known to have made several sculptures. But once the Turks accepted Islam as their major religion, they eschewed the representation of human and animal figures in their architecture and buildings.

Therefore, we can say that the first statement is correct with regard to Turkish architecture.
The decorations that we see in Turkish architecture include geometrical shapes and floral designs. These are generally made from blue and white Delftware and colored glass. Also, part of this decoration were panels of inscriptions which contained verses from the Quran. Evidently, it was only after the acceptance of Islam by the Turks. Hence, the second statement is correct in respect of Turkish architecture.

They built palaces and mosques which had architectural influences from Persia, Greece and Byzantine architecture. As some Turk moved towards Southern Asia or the Indian subcontinent, their architectures started incorporating Hindu motifs. Many tombs of Turkish rulers in India can be seen to have significant Hindu influences. The third statement is however incorrect.

Another historical mosque constructed in the 17th century is the Sultan Ahmed Mosque. It is also popularly called the “Blue Mosque”. It is located in Istanbul and it is called so because the interior walls of the mosque, its main five domes, six of its minarets and eight secondary domes are all made of ‘hand-painted blue tiles.’ Therefore, we cannot say that the Turks did not add color to their buildings.

Thus, the correct answer is Option (C) 3 and 4.

Note: The architecture of the Turks can also be seen in countries like Egypt, Eritrea, Tunisia, Algiers, Romania etc. Turkish structures like mosques, bridges, fountains and schools can be found in these countries. The most unusual form of architecture made by the Turks was the mixing of Byzantine art with Chinese art.