Question

Which of the following is the strongest base?
A) \[Be{(OH)_2}\]
B) \[Mg{(OH)_2}\]
C) $Al{(OH)_3}$
D) $Si{(OH)_4}$

Answer 1

Hint: In the given question firstly we have to define the factors that are used for the determination of the most basic compound among the following. The factors are that when the size increases as a result the tendency to lose electrons increases and relative size of the atom would also decrease and hence the tendency to lose electrons decreases.

Complete step by step answer:
The given question statement asks about the chemical process which is regarding the process used for finding the compound among the following that had the most basic capacity among the following. Among which we have to identify it and give the answer for it by explaining the process with example.
In the given question we get that the Mg,Si and Al, all belong to the same period and as we go along the period There the the relative size of the atom would also decrease and hence the tendency to lose electrons decreases.
Apart from that the elements of Mg and Be also belong to the same group. As we move from Be to Mg the size increases as a result the tendency to lose electrons increases.
So therefore we get two conclusions that identifies the \[Mg{(OH)_2}\] as most basic one :
size increases as a result the tendency to lose electrons increases.
relative size of the atom would also decrease and hence the tendency to lose electrons decreases.
So, clearly we can conclude that the correct answer is Option B.

Note:Arrhenius proposed in \[1884\] that a base is a substance which dissociates in aqueous solution to form hydroxide ions \[O{H^ - }\] . These ions can react with hydrogen ions ( \[{H^ + }\] according to Arrhenius) from the dissociation of acids to form water in an acid-base reaction. A base was therefore a metal hydroxide such as \[NaOH\] or \[Ca{\left( {OH} \right)_2}\] . Such aqueous hydroxide solutions were also described by certain characteristic properties.