Question

Which of the following is not an example of deliquescent substance?
A. Calcium chloride
B. Blue vitriol
C. Sodium hydroxide
D. Iron (III) chloride

Answer 1

Hint- Deliquescence refers to the property of a substance to absorb water from the air to dissolve itself and form an aqueous solution. Materials with this property are termed deliquescent.

Complete answer:
Definition:
Deliquescence is the process by which a substance absorbs moisture from the surrounding until it dissolves in the water and forms a solution. It will occur when the vapour pressure of the solution which is formed is less than the partial pressure of water vapour (moisture) in the air. All salts, which are soluble in water will deliquesce if the air is sufficiently humid.
Examples of Deliquescent Substances:
Most deliquescent substances are salts. Examples include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium chloride, gold (III) chloride, sodium nitrate, and calcium chloride. While sodium chloride (NaCl) may be deliquescent if the particles are small and the humidity is very high, salt is usually considered to be hygroscopic.
Thus, these are the major Deliquescent salts which include calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, zinc chloride, ferric chloride, carnallite, potassium carbonate, potassium phosphate, ferric ammonium citrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide. Deliquescent salts consist of ferric chloride, potassium carbonate, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium phosphate, ferric ammonium citrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide.
So, we say Blue vitriol is not an example of deliquescent substance.
sodium hydroxide, Calcium chloride and iron (III) chloride are some examples of deliquescent substances.

Therefore, option (B) is the correct answer.

Note- Deliquescent materials having mostly salts that have a strong affinity for moisture and will absorb relatively very large amounts of moisture from the atmosphere. And Due to their high affinity for water, deliquescent substances find use as desiccants. They may be used to remove excess water from sulfuric and phosphoric acids.