Question

Which of the following is a prokaryote?
A) Amoeba
B) Spirogyra
C) Bacteria
D) Chlamydomonas

Answer 1

Hint: Prokaryote are single-celled organisms which fall under kingdom monera. They are a primitive type of cell and no complex structures are seen.

Step by step answer: Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms with no proper organised nucleus. They are very abundant and make up the most portion of the earth’s biomass. The nuclear membrane is absent. The genetic material is naked and dispersed in the cytoplasm of the cell. The kingdom of prokaryotic organisms lies under kingdom monera. They include most of the bacteria and archaeal cells.
The cell of prokaryotes has only one single membrane which protects the cell as an outer membrane. The cytoplasm of the cell plays all the functions of the cell which are needed by the cell. They have a great reproduction capacity. Its reproduction is carried by binary fission in which simple splitting of chromosomes in an organism and two daughter cells are formed. They divide every 24 hours mostly, even though they have no complex organelles or no specific organelles. They are free-living meaning they are not dependent on other organisms for their nutrition or survival. They are mostly adapted to live within the gut of many organisms. They also help in digestion of organisms and also have evolved to help digestion of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. They also have flagella for locomotion and may also have pili for reproduction through conjugation. Some prokaryotes also have a capsule of carbohydrates which are sticky and adhere to the surfaces.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Amoeba and Chlamydomonas are eukaryotic single cells belonging to protista. Spirogyra is an alga with a complex cellular structure belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Monera is single-celled prokaryotes and Protists are single-celled eukaryotes.