Question

Which of the following is a catecholamine
(a) Oxytocin
(b) Adrenaline
(c) Vasopressin
(d) Prolactin

Answer 1

Hint: Hormones secreted by the pair of endocrine glands present on the anterior side of each kidney. These hormones are called emergency hormones or fight and flight hormones.

Complete answer:
Chemically hormones fall into three classes, they are amine hormones, peptide and protein hormones, and steroid hormones. The hormones that are derivatives of single amino acids are called amine hormones. They include catecholamines, thyroxine, and melatonin. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are the hormones secreted by adrenal glands which come under catecholamines. Thyroxine is a derivative of tyrosine and melatonin is a derivative of tryptophan.

Additional Information: - Non-nutrient chemicals that act as intracellular messengers and are produced in trace amounts are called hormones. They function on targets away from their production site except for some local hormones such as gastrin, somatostatin, etc.
- They are divided into three classes namely amine hormones, protein hormones, and steroid hormones
- Amine hormones are derivatives of single amino acid that includes catecholamines like Epinephrine and norepinephrine, thyroxine and melatonin
- polymers of amino acids form peptide hormones and protein hormones. The hormones that contain 50 to 200 amino acids are called protein hormones. Peptide hormones contain 3 to 49 amino acids.
- The derivatives of cholesterol form steroid hormones that include aldosterone, testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone.

So, the correct answer is 'adrenaline'.

Note: -Starling is the name of the scientist who coined the term hormones and secretion was the first discovered hormone.
-Examples of peptide hormones are ADH and oxytocin and protein hormones include hormones of the anterior pituitary, pancreas, and parathyroid, etc.
-FSH, LH, TSH, etc are the more complex protein hormones with carbohydrate side chains namely glycoproteins.