Question

Which of the following factor(s) affect bond length? (This question has multiple correct answers)
(a)- Size of atoms making the bond
(b)- Bond order
(c)- Oxidation number of the central atom
(d)- Percentage of s-character in the orbitals used in making the bond

Answer 1

Hint: When two atoms join together there is a bond between them and the length of that bond is known as bond length. Bond order means the number of bonds between the atoms.

Complete step by step answer:
When two atoms join together there is a bond between them and the length of that bond is known as bond length. There are many factors on which the bond length of the atoms depends. As the size of the atom changes the bond length also changes. As the size of the atom increases the bond length also increases because the bond is joined from the center of the atom. And as the size of the atom decreases the bond length also decreases. Bond order means the number of bonds between the atoms. As the number of bonds between the atoms increases, the bond length decreases. Or we can say that bond length is inversely proportional to the bond order. As the oxidation number of the element increases the bond length decreases. Or we can say that the oxidation number is inversely proportional to the bond length. The bond length of the molecule also depends on the s-character in the molecule. As the s-character in the molecule increases the bond length decreases. Or we can say that bond length is inversely proportional to the s-character in the molecule.
-Therefore, from the above discussion, we can say that bond length depends on all the options mentioned above.

So all options are correct.

Note: The length of the triple bond is smaller than the length of the double bond and the length of the double bond is smaller than the single bond. The s-character in the triple bond is 50%, in the double bond is 33.3% and in a single bond is 25%.