
Which of the following elements forms double or triple bonds involving p-p bonding?
A. Carbon
B. Silicon
C. Germanium
D. Tin
Answer
457.5k+ views
Hint: We should know that the p-p bonding is formed by the p-orbital’s electrons only. So, here we have to look through each option what type of orbitals they have in their outermost shell. By knowing the electronic configuration, we can know what type of orbitals they have.
Complete answer:
To solve such a problem, first of all we must have the knowledge about what type of electronic configuration the elements are having. The elements having only p-orbitals will have a condition where one half-filled p-orbital from each contributing atom will undergo a head-on overlapping along the internuclear axis.
So, let us go through each option.
(a) The electronic configuration of carbon is $[He]2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{2}}$. And we can see that the element has no d-orbitals. Due to absence of d-orbitals, the bonding (whether it is double or triple bonding) will take place through p-p back bonding.
(b) The electronic configuration of silicon is $[He]2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{6}}3{{s}^{2}}3{{p}^{2}}$. And we know that there is a vacant d-orbital. So, due to the presence of vacant d-orbital, the multiple bonding (whether it is double or triple) takes place involving d-p multiple bonding.
In option (c) and (d) Germanium and tin are higher group elements with electronic configuration $[Ar]3{{d}^{10}}4{{s}^{2}}4{{p}^{2}}$ and $[Kr]4{{d}^{10}}5{{s}^{2}}5{{p}^{2}}$ will have d-p overlapping while formation of double and triple bonds.
Hence, the correct option is A.
Note:
A double bond generally consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond while a triple bond consists of two pi bonds and one sigma bonds. Single bonds are always formed of sigma bonds. It should be noted that the lateral overlap of p-orbitals will result in formation of pi bonds. And on moving down the group, size of the orbital increases and the extent of pi-bond formation decreases.
Complete answer:
To solve such a problem, first of all we must have the knowledge about what type of electronic configuration the elements are having. The elements having only p-orbitals will have a condition where one half-filled p-orbital from each contributing atom will undergo a head-on overlapping along the internuclear axis.
So, let us go through each option.
(a) The electronic configuration of carbon is $[He]2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{2}}$. And we can see that the element has no d-orbitals. Due to absence of d-orbitals, the bonding (whether it is double or triple bonding) will take place through p-p back bonding.
(b) The electronic configuration of silicon is $[He]2{{s}^{2}}2{{p}^{6}}3{{s}^{2}}3{{p}^{2}}$. And we know that there is a vacant d-orbital. So, due to the presence of vacant d-orbital, the multiple bonding (whether it is double or triple) takes place involving d-p multiple bonding.
In option (c) and (d) Germanium and tin are higher group elements with electronic configuration $[Ar]3{{d}^{10}}4{{s}^{2}}4{{p}^{2}}$ and $[Kr]4{{d}^{10}}5{{s}^{2}}5{{p}^{2}}$ will have d-p overlapping while formation of double and triple bonds.
Hence, the correct option is A.
Note:
A double bond generally consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond while a triple bond consists of two pi bonds and one sigma bonds. Single bonds are always formed of sigma bonds. It should be noted that the lateral overlap of p-orbitals will result in formation of pi bonds. And on moving down the group, size of the orbital increases and the extent of pi-bond formation decreases.
Recently Updated Pages
Glucose when reduced with HI and red Phosphorus gives class 11 chemistry CBSE

The highest possible oxidation states of Uranium and class 11 chemistry CBSE

Find the value of x if the mode of the following data class 11 maths CBSE

Which of the following can be used in the Friedel Crafts class 11 chemistry CBSE

A sphere of mass 40 kg is attracted by a second sphere class 11 physics CBSE

Statement I Reactivity of aluminium decreases when class 11 chemistry CBSE

Trending doubts
One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE

How many valence electrons does nitrogen have class 11 chemistry CBSE

Write down 5 differences between Ntype and Ptype s class 11 physics CBSE

Soap bubble appears coloured due to the phenomenon class 11 physics CBSE

Proton was discovered by A Thomson B Rutherford C Chadwick class 11 chemistry CBSE

How is the brain protected from injury and shock class 11 biology CBSE
