Question

Which of the following are the fibers which are manufactured from petrochemicals?
${\text{A}}{\text{.}}$ Nylon
${\text{B}}{\text{.}}$ Polyester
${\text{C}}{\text{.}}$ Acrylic
${\text{D}}{\text{.}}$ All of these

Answer 1

Hint- Here, we will proceed by defining petrochemicals. Then, we are discussing the properties of nylon fibers, polyester fibers, acrylic fibers and the origin from where these fibers are manufactured.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Petrochemicals are a set of chemical compounds that fuel a wide array of products across the globe. They are made of hydrocarbons that are separated and extracted from petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas and are at the core of multiple industries.
Nylon Fibers: Nylon is a generic name for a family of synthetic polymers, more specifically, aliphatic or semi-aromatic polyamides in which at least 85% by weight of the amide-linkages (-CO-NH-) are attached directly to two aliphatic groups. They can be melt-processed into fibers, films or any other shape. The first Nylon fiber was Nylon-6,6. These fibres are prepared using petrochemicals which are the products of petroleum.
Polyester Fibers: Polyester is a synthetic fiber derived from coal, air, water, and petroleum. Polyester fibers are formed from a chemical reaction between an acid and alcohol. In this reaction, two or more molecules combine to make a large molecule whose structure repeats throughout its length. These are also derived using petrochemicals.
Acrylic Fibers: Acrylic fibers are made from a synthetic polymer called acrylonitrile. This type of fiber is produced by reacting certain petroleum or coal-based chemicals with a variety of monomers, which means that acrylic fabric is a fossil fuel-based fiber. So, these fibers are also prepared using petrochemicals as one of the important raw materials.
Therefore, the fibres given in the options (i.e., nylon, polyester and acrylic) are all manufactured from petrochemicals.
Hence, option D is correct.

Note- Common uses of petrochemicals are that they are used as hydrocarbons in manufacturing and transportation. They are also used in resins, films, and plastics for medicine, used in preservatives in food or use in food packaging, used in rubber, synthetic fibres, adhesives, dyes, paints and coatings.