Question

Which is the largest known human gene?

Answer 1

Hint The basic physical and functional unit of heredity is the gene. DNA is the material that makes up genes. Some genes serve as blueprints for the production of proteins. Many genes, however, do not code for proteins.

Complete answer:
The human dystrophin gene, with 79 exons spanning at least 2,300 kilobases, is the biggest known gene (kb). Following stimulation of expression in muscle cell cultures, transcript accumulation was measured in four locations of the gene.
DMD is the world's largest human gene, and it gives instructions on how to make a protein called dystrophin. This protein is mostly found in the muscles that move and in the heart muscle. Dystrophin is found in modest amounts in nerve cells in the brain. As a result, Dystrophin is the human gene with the biggest size.
Dystrophin is a rod-shaped cytoplasmic protein that is a key component of a protein complex that connects a muscle fiber's cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix via the cell membrane. The costamere or dystrophin-associated protein complex are two names for this complex (DAPC). Dystrophin at the costamere is one of many muscle proteins.
Dystrophin is a protein found in the muscle fibre or myofiber between the sarcolemma and the outermost layer of myofilaments. It's a cohesive protein that connects actin filaments to other support proteins on the inside surface of the sarcolemma of each muscle fiber's plasma membrane.
The lack of dystrophin lowers muscle stiffness, increases sarcolemmal deformability, and jeopardises the mechanical integrity of costameres and their connections to neighbouring myofibrils.

Note: Muscular dystrophy is a condition characterised by progressive muscle loss that can be caused by spontaneous or inherited mutations in the dystrophin gene. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most frequent condition caused by dystrophin genetic abnormalities.