Question

Which is the filter feeder?
(a) Amoeba
(b)Leech
(c)Spider
(d)Paramecium

Answer 1

Hint In aquatic feeding, filter-feeding is a method in which the animal takes in many small pieces of prey at one time. The organism filters unwanted materials itself as opposed to predators who seek out specialized food items.

Complete answer:
Filter feeding is a form of food procurement in zoology. In this process, food particles or small organisms are randomly strained from water. This type of system can be seen among the small- to medium-sized invertebrates but it also occurs in a few large vertebrates including flamingos, baleen and whales.
In clams, gills are also used to strain suspended material out of the water other than respiration. Cilia are hair-like structures that produce a current of water over the gills, and move the trapped food material along the membrane and into food grooves. For example, Paramecium and many bristle worms also have ciliated tentacles near the mouth, which entrap passing food particles.

Additional information:
Filter feeding in Paramecium:
-Food is generally ingested by the cytostome that lies at the bottom of the buccal cavity. -The cilia in the oral groove move very fast to drive a current of water with food particles towards the vestibule.
-Ciliary tracts of the vestibule move the food particles into the buccal cavity. Here the bigger unusable food materials are rejected whereas smaller food materials are taken and ingested through the cytostome into the cytopharynx.
-The food now moves into a membranous vesicle and gradually collects at the bottom of the cytopharynx. This is later released off as a food vacuole.
-Each food vacuole consists of food particles which undergo circulation in a definite path along with cyclosis.
-Digestion takes place with the help of certain enzymes and products of digestion are diffused into the surrounding cytoplasm and either stored or used for vital activity and growth.
-At last, the undigested food materials are excreted from body through an anal spot or cytoproct.

So, the answer is Paramecium.

Notes: A cytostome is typically a cell mouth and is mainly specialized for phagocytosis, usually in the form of a microtubule-supported funnel or groove. Food that is directed into the cytostome, and sealed into vacuoles. Only certain organisms belonging to groups of protozoa, such as the Ciliophora and Excavata, have cyathostomes.