Which is considered as a hot spot of Biodiversity in India?
VerifiedAnswer: Western Ghats
Explanation:
The Western Ghats is recognized as one of the most important biodiversity hotspots in India and the world. This magnificent mountain range stretches approximately 1,600 kilometers along the western coast of India, running through six states: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
A biodiversity hotspot is defined as a region that contains exceptionally high levels of plant endemism and has experienced significant habitat loss. The Western Ghats perfectly fits this criteria, housing over 7,402 species of flowering plants, 1,814 species of non-flowering plants, 139 mammal species, 508 bird species, and numerous reptile and amphibian species.
What makes the Western Ghats truly special is its high level of endemism. Nearly 325 globally threatened species are found here, with many plants and animals existing nowhere else on Earth. The region's diverse ecosystems range from tropical rainforests to grasslands, each supporting unique communities of flora and fauna.
The Western Ghats influences the Indian monsoon weather pattern and serves as the source for many of India's rivers. This region contains 39 UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is home to several national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, including Periyar, Silent Valley, and Bandipur National Parks. The area faces threats from deforestation, mining, and urbanization, making conservation efforts crucial for preserving this natural treasure for future generations.
