Question

Which has a giant covalent structure?
A) Diamond
B) $Si{O}_2$
C) $SiC{l}_4$
D) $C{O}_2$

Answer 1

Hint: The giant covalent structure is the structure that contains many atoms in the structure and each atom in the structure is joined to adjacent atoms by a covalent bond. One can analyze the following given options and their structures and find out which structure can give the giant covalent structure.

Complete step by step answer:
1) First of all we will learn about giant covalent structure, the giant covalent structures are made up of millions of atoms joined together by covalent bonding. The atoms in the structure are generally arranged into giant regular lattices.
2) In giant covalent structures many bonds are involved that's why they are extremely strong structures. In this structure, all the bonds are covalent, which means that giant covalent structures have a very high melting point and also a very high boiling point. Due to these properties, the giant covalent structure is hard and brittle.
3) Now, let's analyze the given options one by one. Diamond in its structure has carbon as its basic atom. In the structure, the carbon has valency four which means each carbon in the diamond shares electrons with four other carbon atoms forming a covalent bond. The bonding of carbons goes on and on making it a giant covalent structure. Therefore, Diamond shows the giant covalent structure.
4) In silicon dioxide the crystal form of it is the same as the structure of a diamond. As the arrangement of atoms of silicon dioxide is the same as diamond, it also shows the giant covalent structure.
5) The molecules $SiC{l}_4$ and $C{O}_2$ does not show the giant covalent structure as they fail to form covalent bonding in between the molecules.
6) Therefore, as this question is multiple correct choice questions, Diamond and $Si{O}_2$ will give giant covalent structure

So, the correct answer is Option A,B .

Note:
The giant covalent structures are not the molecules and only structures as they are not joined by molecules. These structures have only covalent bonding. A diamond is not a molecule because the number of atoms that are joined in a real diamond are completely different depending on the size of its crystal.