Question

Which gas is present predominantly in biogas?
(a) Methane
(b) Ethane
(c) Butane
(d) Propane

Answer 1

Hint: Biogas typically refers to a mix of various gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter within the absence of oxygen. Microbially controlled production of biogas is a crucial part of the worldwide carbon cycle. It is a renewable energy source.

Complete answer:
-The main source of a staple for the production of biogas is Plant and Animal biomass.
-Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation of biodegradable materials which includes manure, sewage, municipal waste, green waste, material, and crops.
-Biogas include primarily methane and carbon dioxide and should have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide, moisture.
-The gases methane, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide gas are often combusted or oxidized with oxygen.

Additional information:
-Biogas plant is airtight in the absence of an air container that facilitates fermentation of fabric under anaerobic condition.
-Biogas also can be cleaned and upgraded to gas standards when it becomes biomethane.
-Biogas can be produced using anaerobic digesters.
-During the method, an air-tight tank transforms biomass waste into methane producing renewable energy which will be used for heating, electricity.
-Raw materials required:
Forms of biomass listed below could also be used alongside the water.
1. Animal dung
2. Poultry wastes
3. Plant wastes-Husk, grass, weeds, etc.
4. Human excreta
5. Industrial wastes-Saw dust, wastes from food processing industries
6. Domestic wastes-Vegetable peels, waste food materials
-India's potential maximum number of biogas plants has been estimated to be 12- 17 million.
-Mainly biogas is produced to support dairy manure as feedstock and these "gobar" gas plants.
-In the last 2-3 decades, research organizations with attention on rural energy security have enhanced the planning of the systems leading to newer efficient low-cost designs.
-National Biogas and manure management program {NBMMB} has been implemented in our country since 1981-82 for the promotion of biogas plants based on cattle dung.
-To support the above program the governments provided a $50\%$ subsidy for the installation of biogas plants.

So, the correct answer is, ‘Methane.’

Note:
-Anaerobic digestion is a series of processes during which microorganisms break down organic or biodegradable material within the absence of oxygen.
-It is employed for industrial or domestic purposes to manage waste and/or to release energy.
-The digestion process begins with bacterial hydrolysis of the input materials to interrupt insoluble organic polymers, like carbohydrates, and make them available for other bacteria.