Question

Which country was not the founder of NAM?
A) Egypt
B) India
C) Yugoslavia
D) Myanmar

Answer 1

Hint:
Soon after the devastations of the Second World War, India gained freedom. A new international body, the United Nations, was formed at that time in 1945. Power rivalries and ideological conflicts between the USA and the USSR marked the emergence of the Cold War in the 1950s and 1960s with both countries creating military alliances. This was also the period of decolonization when many countries were attaining independence and colonial empires were collapsing.

Complete Answer:
The foreign minister of newly independent India, Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, developed India's foreign policy in this context. The bedrock of this foreign policy was formed by Non-alignment. Led and formed by statesmen from India, Egypt, Indonesia, Ghana, and Yugoslavia, the non-aligned movement urged countries not to join either of the two major alliances. But this policy of staying away from alliances did not mean that countries should remain “isolated” or “neutral”. It rather meant remaining at a distance from the major alliances but countries could participate in world affairs, for example, non-aligned countries such as India played an active role in mediating between the American and Soviet alliances. These countries often took a humanitarian and moral stand against war and tried to prevent it. However, for one reason or another, many non-aligned countries including India got involved in wars. A large number of countries had joined the non-aligned movement by the 1970s.

Thus, option (D) is correct.

Note:
The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 developing countries. After the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement is the largest grouping of states worldwide. It was established in 1961 through an initiative by the Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru drawing on the principles of the Bandung conference in 1955.