Question

Which cell organelle is present in the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. Endoplasmic reticulum
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
D. Ribosome

Answer 1

Hint: Cell organelles are the organs of the cell. They are the special entities that are present inside the cell and perform a specific function.

Complete Answer:
Prokaryotic cells: Prokaryotic cells are the cells that do not have a well defined nucleus and they also lack membrane bound cell organelles.
- Organisms that have the prokaryotic cells are unicellular and are called prokaryotes.
- All the reactions in prokaryotes take place in the cytoplasm because they lack membrane bound cell organelles.
 Examples – bacteria, archaea, etc.

Eukaryotic cells: Eukaryotic cells are the cells that have a well defined nucleus with nuclear membrane. They possess membrane bound cell organelles.
- Organisms that have the eukaryotic cells are multicellular and are called as the eukaryotes.
 In the eukaryotic cells reactions occur specifically in a specialized compartment which we called as cell organelle.
 Examples – humans, animals, plants, etc.

- Endoplasmic reticulum: Endoplasmic reticulum is a continuous membrane system that forms a series of flattened sacs within the cytoplasm. Endoplasmic reticulum performs various functions like synthesis, folding, modification and transport of protein. These cell organelles are only present in the eukaryotic cells.
- Mitochondria: Mitochondria are also called as the powerhouse of the cell. This is because in mitochondria, aerobic respiration takes place. As a result of aerobic respiration ATP (adenosine triphosphate ) gets synthesized. ATP is an energy rich molecule. Mitochondria is only present in the eukaryotic cells/
- Nucleus: Nucleus is a membrane bound cell organelle which contains the genetic information. This genetic information passes from generation to generation and is responsible for the transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring. Nucleus is also present in only eukaryotic cells.
- Ribosomes: Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. They may be found freely in the cytoplasm or may be found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes are the complex organs that contain RNA (ribo nucleic acids). These organelles are present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms.

Hence, option D is the correct option for this question.

Note: Cell came from a latin word ‘cella’ which means ‘small room’. Cell is the smallest form of life. It is the structural, functional, fundamental unit of life. Cells are also referred to as ‘building blocks’ of life.