Question

Which cell organelle is called “Protein factory” and cell engine?
a) Golgi body
b) Centrosome
c) Lysosome
d) Ribosome

Answer 1

Hint: Cell organelles as we know are the components of a cell. They are useful for performing different activities of cells just like the organ system in the body. Cells perform different activities like- cell repair, blood formation, repair damage tissues etc. cells have various components including plasma membrane, chromosomes, cell organelles. Cells are the functional unit of life.

Complete answer:
Option a) Golgi body- Golgi bodies are densely stained reticular structures near the nucleus. They consist of flat, disc-shaped sacs or cisternae. They are stacked parallel to each other. In the Golgi complex there are many cisternae. It is named after the scientist or biologist Camillo Golgi who first observed the Golgi complex. The Golgi cisternae are arranged around the nucleus with convex cis or forming face and concave trans or the maturing face. It is basically performing the function of formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids. It also performs as packaging materials.
So, option a is incorrect.
Option b) centrosome- Centrosome is an organelle that is generally called centrioles containing two cylindrical constructions. Amorphous pericentriolar materials surround centrosomes. The centrioles are both perpendicular to each other in a centrosome where each has a cartridge-like organization. They are made of nine fibrils of tubular protein. The centrioles form the basal body of cilia and flagella and give rise to spindle fibers in animal cells.
So, option b is incorrect.
Option c) Lysosome- Lysosome are nothing but suicidal bags of cells as they crush and destroy all the metabolic wastes of the cell produced during or throughout the cell activities.
So, option c is also incorrect.
Option d) Ribosome- Ribosome are granular structures which are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins and are not surrounded by any membrane. Ribosome’s main functions include protein synthesis as proteins or polypeptides are formed from the surface of the ribosomal membrane. Hence, they are called the protein factory of the cell engine.
So, option d is correct.

Option d is the correct answer.

Note:
As we discussed various organelles, Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organelles. Ribosomes are the headquarters for the polypeptide synthesis. Hence, polypeptides are the building blocks of our body. And our body is a multicellular structure. So, it helps in all vital functions of our bodies.