Question

Which among the following is a bacterial disease?
A. Rust of tea
B. Red rot of Sugarcane
C. Citrus Canker
D. Late blight of potato

Answer 1

Hint: Diseases that are caused by bacteria are called bacterial diseases. Of all the options given, the causal organism of this disease is Xanthomonas citri citri.

Complete answer: Citrus canker is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas citri citri. It affects the leaves, flowers and fruits of plants which belong to the citrus fruit family. Leaves drop, and unripe fruits fall from the plant very often. It is an example of a bacterial disease. Bacteria are a group of organisms which are a part of the kingdom Monera. Monerans are unicellular prokaryotic organisms. They are the simplest type of organisms in the case of body complexity. Their genetic material is present at the centre of the cell but it is not enclosed inside a nuclear membrane. They lack a nuclear membrane. Monerans are responsible for causing a number of diseases. Citrus canker is a disease due to which there is a lot of loss in crop productivity due to premature falling of citrus fruits.
a. Rust of tea, also known as red rust of tea, is caused by an alga known as Cephaleuros parasiticus. So, this disease is not a bacterial disease.
b. Red rot of sugarcane, also known as the cancer of sugarcane, is caused by a fungus named Colletotrichum falcatum. This disease causes severe losses in the yield and quality of the cane in the Indian subcontinent. Therefore, this disease is not a bacterial disease.
c. Late blight of potato is a disease of the potato tubers. It is caused by an oomycete called Phytophthora infestans. It is a fungus-like organism, and therefore, it is a fungal disease.
Citrus canker is a disease due to which there is a lot of loss in crop productivity due to premature falling of citrus fruits.
Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Note: Bacteria are prokaryotes. They are the most primitive organisms. It differs from eukaryotes in many aspects such as size, cell organelles, metabolism, genetic material, etc. Eukaryotic cells are modern cells that consist of all cell organelles.