Question

Which among the following gases can be liquified easily?
A. Chlorine
B. Nitrogen
C. Oxygen
D. Hydrogen

Answer 1

Hint: Gas liquefaction is the mechanism by which liquids are transformed into liquid. As pressure is raised on a natural gas, the molecules close and its temperature is lowered, losing the energy to allow it to shift from the gaseous form to the liquid phase.

Complete step-by-step answer:
A gas can be liquified by the process of cooling and compressing. They can also be liquefied by applying a suitable pressure on it. The correct process used; cooling, compressing or applying pressure, depends from gases to gases keeping in mind their critical temperatures. If a gas’s temperature is below the critical temperature, the process of compressing and cooling is used. If the temperature of the gas is above the critical temperature, the process of applying the suitable pressure is used. Gases that are liquified using the pressure method are chlorine, carbon dioxide etc.
Permanent gases such as hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen cannot be liquefied easily by the processes of compressing, cooling or applying pressure. The permanent gases have weak intermolecular forces of interaction which makes the process of liquefaction impossible to carry out.
Since the options have hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, it is clear that they are permanent gases. Only chlorine can be liquified easily by applying the suitable pressure on it.
Hence, option A is the correct option.

Note: Chlorine has the symbol Cl and atomic number 17 as a chemical element. The second lightest of the halogens occurs in the periodic table between fluorine and bromine and its properties are mostly moderate. At room temperature, chlorine becomes a yellow-green material. It has the strongest electron affinities and a third highest electronegativity, just behind oxygen and fluorine, and is also a fast oxidizing product.