Question

What do you mean by inertia?

Answer 1

Hint: In this question, we need to know about the inertia that is Inertia is the ability of an object of a body to resist the change in motion. And the ways by which it is estimated that is by using mass or by the moment of inertia about a particular axis.

Complete Step-by-Step solution:
Inertia comes from Newton’s First Law of Motion which states: “An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in a particular direction unless some unbalanced force is applied.
Inertia is the ability of an object of a body to resist the change in motion.
This can be changed due to the object's direction, or speed of motion. Because the natural state of all the objects is to be at rest. If we impart motion to a body it will not stop of its own accord unless disturbed.
Inertia is usually masked by the gravitational force on the Earth's surface, and the effects of air resistance and friction, both of which lead to a reduction in the velocity of the moving body. An object in motion and an object at rest both resist the forces that might begin acceleration. The inertia of an object can be estimated by its mass, which decides its resistance to the effect of a force, or by its moment of inertia about a particular axis, which estimates its resistance to the effect of torque about that axis.

Figure 1

When the block is accelerated by a force F, it is subject to an inertia force equal to ma opposite to the direction of the acceleration as can be seen from the above figure 1.

Note: For such kinds of questions we need to recollect the newton laws motion. Then we require to be familiar with the terms like the moment of inertia, the theory of relativity, free body diagram which will help us to understand this concept more clearly.