Question

What are monoecious plants?

Answer 1

Hint: The term ‘monoecious’ based on the sexual organs present in the plant. Monoecious means single house. The monoecious plants produce both male and female gametes. Its genetic variation is low due to self-pollination or inbreeding.

Complete answer:
Monoecious refers to the plants that have both male and female reproductive parts and so that they can undergo sexual reproduction on its own and don't need a partner. Some of the examples include Cornus amba, yellow Trout, corn, Cucurbits, etc.
Monoecious plants having both pollinations- self-pollination or a cross-pollination as they have both male and female parts on the same plant. The male flower is usually situated at the top position to aid in self-pollination. The pollination of a flower by pollen from the same flower or from another flower on the same plant is called self-pollination. While pollination of a flower or plant with pollen from another flower or plant is called cross-pollination.
They do not need pollinating agents for the pollination. They usually undergo self-pollination i.e.
Autogamy or pollination between male and female flowers of the same plant i.e. Geitonogamy. Monoecious plants are the bisexual species and are also known as perfect flowers because they have both male and female sex organs. 90% of the plant species are monoecious plants.

There are two forms of the monoecious plants
1.The plants having male and female sex organs on the two different flowers, but both flowers on the same plant.
2.Plants having both male and female sex organs on the same flower of a plant.

Note: For monoecious plants, the main advantage is having the ability to reproduce from the same plant and thus their survival doesn’t depend on other trees or pollinators. The disadvantage however is that they do not usually have much genetic variation due to self-pollination.