Question

What is true photosynthesis?
(a)Both carbon dioxide and water are oxidized
(b)Both carbon dioxide and water are reduced
(c)Carbon dioxide is oxidized and water reduced
(d)Carbon dioxide is reduced and water oxidized

Answer 1

Hint Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their food in the presence of sunlight to convert light energy into chemical energy. Oxygen is the byproduct during photosynthesis. Sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are essential to perform photosynthesis. Photosynthesis gives us oxygen which we need to breathe and we, in turn, exhale carbon dioxide which is needed by the plant.

Complete answer:
During true photosynthesis, the carbon dioxide is reduced and water is oxidized. The carbon dioxide is reduced to glucose and the water is oxidized to release oxygen in the presence of sunlight to synthesize nutrients such as carbohydrates in the form of glucose and release oxygen. During this, the light energy is converted into chemical energy to release fuels for the activities of organisms. Sugar is stored as chemical energy in carbohydrate molecules and oxygen is released as a waste product. Photosynthesis is responsible for producing oxygen content and maintenance of the oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere which supplies most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.

Additional information:
The process of photosynthesis is acquired by algae to convert solar energy into chemical energy. The major factor to complete the process of photosynthesis is the liberation of Oxygen. Each leaf consists of a chloroplast which is microscopic cellular organelles and contains a green pigment known as chlorophyll which absorbs light energy. Photosynthesis is affected by certain factors such as light intensity, the concentration of carbon dioxide, temperature, water, and pollution. The higher amount of light intensity will increase the rate of photosynthesis and the higher concentration of carbon dioxide will increase the rate of photosynthesis. The temperature should range between 25 degrees Celsius to 35-degree celsius for the execution of photosynthesis and water scarcity would lead to the stomatal opening and retaining of the water that has stored inside. Industrial pollutants may settle on the leaf surface which can block the pores and make it difficult to take in carbon dioxide.

So, the correct answer is 'Carbon dioxide is reduced and water oxidized'.

Note: The main part of the chloroplast is the grana and stroma which are the stacks of disc-shaped compartments enclosed within a membrane and the fluid surrounding the grana respectively. In the first stage of photosynthesis, energy gets captured from the sun to break down water molecules. To make one molecule of glucose during photosynthesis it takes 6 molecules of water and six molecules of carbon dioxide. Plants slow the process of photosynthesis during autumn and as a result, leaves change their color.