Question

Transfer of genes from one gene pool to another is
(a)Genetic drift
(b)Gene flow
(c)Speciation
(d)Mutation

Answer 1

Hint: Gene is a sequence of nucleotides that are present in DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of the gene product. They lead to certain variants and acquire mutations in their sequence which are known as alleles in the population.

Complete answer:
The transfer of genes from one gene pool to another is gene flow which is also known as gene migration. It is the transfer of genetic material from one population to the other and can take place between two populations of the same species through migration which is mediated through reproduction and vertical gene transfer from parent to offspring. It takes place through horizontal gene transfer which is also known as lateral gene transfer through which the gene transfer from bacteria or viruses to a higher organism or from an endosymbiont to the host. The gene flow in a population can increase the genetic variation of the population and between genetically distinct populations can reduce the genetic difference between the populations. It can be facilitated by the physical proximity of the populations and is restricted by physical barriers that separate the population. the individuals of the population between incompatible reproductive behavior prevent gene flow.

Additional Information: Genetic drift: It is the change in the frequency of the existing gene variant which is known as allele in a population due to the random sampling of the organisms which are the samples of those in the parents and has a role in determining the given individual that survives and reproduces. It causes gene variants to disappear completely and reduces genetic variation which causes initially a list that becomes more frequent and fixed.
Speciation: The evolutionary process in which the populations get evolved to become distinct species and which speciate among the populations that are isolated from one another.
Mutation: It occurs when there is a DNA gene damage for change in the genetic message which is carried out by that gene. The agent which brings about a permanent alteration to the DNA gene and changes the genetic message is known as a mutagen.
So, the correct answer is 'Gene flow'.

Note: Genetic drift was proposed by Dewall Wright in 1929 by using it in the sense of the directed process of changing natural selection. Chemical instability can cause mutation and errors during DNA replication.