Question

Tracheal respiration differs from other modes of respiration in taking air direct to?
(a) Lungs
(b) Muscle tissues
(c) Blood
(d) Coelomic cavity

Answer 1

Hint: The respiratory system is the organs and other parts of the body involved in breathing which is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Here the trachea is an important part of the respiratory system and helps in the transport of gases.

Complete answer
In cockroaches, the respiratory system is a network of trachea known as the tracheal system. The respiration in them occurs through spiracles that are the small openings and are surrounded by the muscular sphincters. The oxygen is inhaled through the spiracles and is then transported to the tracheal tubes. These tracheal tubes help in gaseous exchange and are made up of interconnected air tubes. This type of respiratory system is generally found in the case of the insects.
The tracheal tubes then transport the air into the various body cells and tissues through the process of diffusion. The trachea are again divided to form tracheoles that are even narrower tubes and help in the flow of fluid throughout the insect’s body. The carbon dioxide is then passed outside the body through spiracles.
Mechanism of respiration :
In cockroach respiration includes two phases
(i) Inspiration
(ii) Expiration
Inspiration:
Intake of atmospheric air or oxygen into the tracheal system is called inspiration. Inspiration does not require energy and is passive in nature.
At whatever point tergosternal muscles relax, the space present in the body cavity increments and pressure diminishes.
Thoracic spiracles are opened while the Abdominal spiracles are closed.
Later, that air is carried towards tracheoles and diffuses into tissues through the tracheolar fluid.
The carbon dioxide is produced in the tissues due to metabolism.
Expiration :
Elimination of carbon dioxide is known as expiration.
Whenever tergosternal muscles contract, the space present in the body hole diminishes, and pressure increases.
Thoracic spiracles are closed while the stomach spiracles are closed.
In cockroaches a major amount of carbon dioxide is sent out by a diffusion method through the cuticle.
In cockroaches respiratory movements are controlled and coordinated by the nervous system.
Expiration is an active process.

So, the correct answer is ‘Muscle tissues’.

Note:
Cockroach, Grasshoppers, and Beetles show the marvel of irregular ventilation. During this process, the gaseous exchange becomes irregular thus leading to the closing of the spiracles. The opening and closing of spiracles are influenced by carbon dioxide tension in the hemolymph and oxygen tension in the tracheae.